Geological facts; or, the crust of the earth, what it is, and what are its usesBarrett, W. G. (William Garland)
Religion
Geological facts; or, the crust of the earth, what it is, and what are its uses
Barrett, W. G. (William Garland)
Geology
If we go to the British Museum, on the north wall of room No. 1. we
shall find slabs of sandstone containing footprints of animals,
apparently bipeds and quadrupeds, of which we find the following notice
in the catalogue of the Museum; and when this description is compared
with the three drawings that follow, we make no doubt of carrying the
conviction of the reader along with our own, as to the origin of these
extraordinary _ichnites_,[68] as such petrified prints are termed:—“The
slabs of sandstone on the north wall of this room, with the supposed
tracks of an animal called Cheirotherium, are that on the left from the
quarries of Hildburghausen in Saxony, and that in the centre from those
of Horton Hill, near Liverpool, (the latter presented by J. Tomkinson,
Esq.) On the right hand are placed slabs from the same new red sandstone
formation, with equally enigmatical imprests of various dimensions,
called Ornithichnites,[69] being very like footmarks of birds; they
occur in the sandstone beds near Greenfield, Massachusetts, at a
cataract in the Connecticut River known by the name of Turner’s Falls.”
[Illustration:
FOOTPRINTS OF BIPEDS (BIRDS?) PROM TURNER’S FALLS.
(_Size of slab, 8 ft. by 6._)
]
The lines in this drawing are merely to indicate the direction, the line
of progress, of these bipeds, and the reader by following the lines will
find the illustration all the more interesting.
But the most remarkable footprints preserved on slabs of sandstone are
those of a quadruped, whose hinder feet were much larger than his fore
feet. Some of our marsupial[70] quadrupeds, such as the opossum and
kangaroo, and many species of batrachian[71] reptiles, are distinguished
by the same peculiarity. Below is a copy of this slab, which is in the
window recess of the same room of the British Museum.
[Illustration: Fossil]
The animal that left these impressions on the soft sandy shore, that are
now converted into hard stone, was originally named the
Cheirotherium,[72] and, indeed, this name is still retained by many
writers, the hand-like footprints being quite a sufficient reason for so
appropriate a name; but latterly the teeth of a fossil animal, supposed
to be the same as the Cheirotherium, having been examined, and
disclosing a peculiarly labyrinthine character, the animal has been
called Labyrinthodon.[73] Professor Owen, the great comparative
anatomist of geology, has fairly established the real character of this
animal. He says it is a huge frog, a gigantic batrachian, with hinder
feet at least twelve inches in length, combining a crocodilian with a
frog-like structure; and although the actual shape and proportions of
such an animal must remain greatly an enigma, it is one of the wondrous
marvels of geology to pause over these extinct huge creatures, and mark
in them the exhaustless resources of creative power.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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