Geological Observations on South AmericaDarwin, Charles
Science
Geological Observations on South America
Darwin, Charles
Beagle Expedition (1831-1836); Geology -- South America; Mollusks, Fossil -- South America; Paleontology
Third, this white mudstone, about twenty feet in thickness, and divided
into two varieties (C and D), both closely resembling the lower, fine-
grained, more unctuous and compact kind at Port Desire; and, as at that
place, including much selenite.
Fourth, a fossiliferous mass, divided into three main beds, of which
the uppermost is thin, and consists of ferruginous sandstone, with many
shells of the great oyster and Pecten Paranensis; the middle bed (E) is
a yellowish earthy sandstone abounding with Scutellae; and the lowest
bed (F) is an indurated, greenish, sandy clay, including large
concretions of calcareous sandstone, many shells of the great oyster,
and in parts almost made up of fragments of Balanidae. Out of these
three beds, I procured the following twelve species, of which the two
first were exceedingly numerous in individuals, as were the
Terebratulae and Turritellae in certain layers:—
1. Ostrea Patagonica, d’Orbigny, “Voyage, Pal.” (also at St. Fe, and
whole coast of Patagonia). 2. Pecten Paranensis, d’Orbigny, “Voyage,
Pal.” (St. Fe, S. Josef, Port Desire). 3. Pecten centralis, G.B.
Sowerby (also at Port Desire and S. Cruz). 4. Pecten geminatus, G.B.
Sowerby. 5. Terebratula Patagonica, G.B. Sowerby (also S. Josef). 6.
Struthiolaria ornata, G.B. Sowerby (also S. Cruz). 7. Fusus
Patagonicus, G.B. Sowerby. 8. Fusus Noachinus, G.B. Sowerby. 9.
Scalaria rugulosa, G.B. Sowerby. 10. Turritella ambulacrum, G.B.
Sowerby (also S. Cruz). 11. Pyrula, cast of, like P. ventricosa of
Sowerby, Tank Cat. 12. Balanus varians, G.B. Sowerby. 13. Scutella,
differing from the species from Nuevo Gulf.
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