Protection, beginning of agitation in Canada, 231; opposed by Brown, 232, 233 R Rebellion in Canada (1837), causes of, 11; remedies proposed, 12 Rebellion Losses Bill, 34; disturbance occasioned by, 35; burning of parliament buildings at Montreal, 37; mobbing of Lord Elgin, 37 Reciprocity, abrogation of treaty of 1854 one of the causes of confederation, 148; negotiations for renewal of treaty, 192; confederate council on reciprocity formed, 193; Galt and Howland visit Washington, 193; Seward, American secretary of state, proposes reciprocal legislation instead of treaty, 193; Brown's objections, 194, 223; reasons for failure of negotiations of 1866, 224; Americans set little value on Canadian trade, 224; attempts at renewal in 1869 and 1871, 225; the Brown mission of 1874, 225; meeting with Mr. Rothery, agent of British government, 226; Brown visits Washington, 226; Sir Edward Thornton and Brown appointed to negotiate a treaty, 226; reasons for selection of Brown, 227; opening of negotiations, 227; sketch of proposed treaty, 227; list of articles on free list, 228; Brown finds value of Canadian trade greatly under-estimated in Washington, 228; Brown prepares a memorandum showing extent of trade, 229; carries on propaganda in American newspapers, 230; falsely charged with corrupting the press, 230; the treaty goes to the American senate, 231; failure of negotiations, 231; objections made in Canada, 231; Canadian movement for protection, 231; Brown opposes protection, 232, 233 Reformers, Canadian, open campaign for responsible government against Governor Metcalfe, 21; wise leadership of Baldwin and Lafontaine, 24; convention of 1857 advocates addition of North-West Territories to Canada, 217; convention of 1859 to consider relations of Upper and Lower Canada, 133, 134; arguments for confederation, 135; George Sheppard's powerful speech against federation, 135, 136; the advocates of federation agree to amendment minimizing powers of central government, 130, 137; Brown advocates confederation, 137, 138; Reformers consulted by George Brown as to confederation, 156; they agree to Brown and others entering coalition cabinet, 157; Reform party inadequately represented in coalition, 159; question of Reform representation again raised on death of Sir E. P. Tache, 190; Reform convention of 1867, 208; approves of confederation, 208; but declares that coalition should come to an end, its objects having been achieved, 208, 209 Representation by population, proposed by George Brown, 82-4; objections raised on behalf of Lower Canada, 84; strength of Lower Canadian case, 84; federalism the real remedy, 85