[167] It is not easy to follow Fox's scanty itinerary. There are
two Tinicum islands in the Delaware (it is called "Dinidock" in
the first edition of the Journal). The crossing was probably made
at the upper island, which is just in front of what is now the
city of Burlington, though this would be hardly ninety miles from
Middletown Harbour, as he estimates. He then travels down across
the very country which Friends afterwards settled under the
leadership of William Penn. There is evidence to show that the
idea of forming in America a colony of Friends originated with
George Fox. We learn from a letter of Josiah Coale, a Friend who
had travelled extensively among the Indians, that George Fox had
commissioned him to treat with the Susquehanna Indians for the
purchase of a strip of territory. Fox's letter is not preserved,
but Josiah Coale's answer is among the Swarthmore MSS., and is
as follows: "Dear George,--As concerning Friends buying a piece
of land of the Susquehanna Indians, I have spoken of it to them
and told them what _thou said_ concerning it, but their answer
was that there is no land that is habitable or fit for situation
beyond Baltimore's liberty [i. e., beyond the domain of Lord
Baltimore,] till they come to or near the Susquehanna fort, and
besides William Fuller, who was the chief man amongst Friends
with the Indians ... is withdrawn at present, ... so that without
him little can be done at present with the Indians; and besides,
these Indians are at war with another nation of Indians, who are
very numerous, and it is doubted by some that in a little space
they will be so destroyed that they will not be a people. Thine
in the truth,
JOSIAH COALE."
This letter was written in 1660, twelve years before this
American visit. About the same time William Penn's thoughts were
turning in the same direction. Writing about Pennsylvania in
1681, he says: "This I can say, that I had an _opening of joy_ as
to these parts in the year 1661, at Oxford twenty years since."
By a purchase made through John Fenwick and Edward Byllynge,
Friends obtained possession of a great section of New Jersey in
1674, the year after George Fox arrived in England. There can be
no doubt that his thoughts were on future settlements here as he
travelled through what is now Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
Next day we swam our horses over a river about a mile wide, first
to an island called Upper Tinicum, and then to the mainland; having
hired Indians to help us over in their canoes. This day we rode but
about thirty miles, and came at night to a Swede's house, where we
got a little straw, and stayed that night.
Next day, having hired another guide, we travelled about forty miles
through the woods, and made a fire at night, by which we lay, and
dried ourselves; for we were often wet in our travels.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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