+------------------------------+---------+------------+-------------+ | | | | | | Substances. | Réaumur.| Centigrade.| Fahrenheit. | | | | | | +------------------------------+---------+------------+-------------+ | | | | | |Bromine freezes at | -17·6° =| -22° =| -7·6° | |Oil, Anise ” | 8 =| 10 =| 50 | |Oil, Olive ” | 8 =| 10 =| 50 | |Oil, Rose ” | 12 =| 15 =| 60 | |Quicksilver ” | -31·5 =| -39·4 =| -39° | |Water ” | 0 =| 0 =| 32° | |Bismuth metal fuses at | 211 =| 264 =| 507° | |Copper ” | 963 =| 1204 =| 2200 | |Gold ” | 963 =| 1204 =| 2200 | |Iodine ” | 95·6 =| 107° =| 224·6° | |Iron ” | 1230 =| 1538 =| 2800 | |Lead ” | 26 =| 325 =| 617 | |Potassium ” | 50 =| 62·5° =| 144·5° | |Silver ” | 530 =| 537·70 =| 1000 | |Sodium ” | 76·5°=| 95·6 =| 204° | |Steel melts at a lower | | | | | temperature than malleable | | | | | iron | -- | -- | -- | |Sulphur fuses at | 54 =| 120 =| 248° | |Tin ” | 189·6°=| 237 =| 459° | |Zinc ” | 329·6°=| 412 =| 773° | |Alcohol boils at | 59·5°=| 74·4 =| 173·1 | |Bromine ” | 46·4 =| 58 =| 136 | |Ether ” | 28·4 =| 35·5 =| 96 | |Iodine ” | 140 =| 175 =| 347 | |Quicksilver ” | 288 =| 360 =| 680 | |Water ” | 80 =| 100 =| 212 | +------------------------------+---------+------------+-------------+ HEAT VALUES OF FUELS. Pounds of water evaporated by 1 lb. of fuel as follows:-- Straw 1·9 | Coke or Charcoal 6·4 Wood 3·1 | Coal 7·9 Peat 3·8 | Petroleum 14·6 SIGNS AND SYMBOLS USED IN EXPRESSING FORMULAS. = Sign of equality, denoting that quantities so connected are equal to one another; thus, 3 feet = 1 yard. + Sign of addition, signifying _plus_ or more; thus, 4 + 3 = 7.