Getting Gold: A Gold-Mining Handbook for Practical MenJohnson, J. C. F. (Joseph Colin Francis)
History
Getting Gold: A Gold-Mining Handbook for Practical Men
Johnson, J. C. F. (Joseph Colin Francis)
Gold mines and mining
“The solution of double cyanide of gold, silver, and potassium,
which has been drained from the leaching vats, is passed over the
mercury in the precipitating ‘box’ when the decomposition of the
electrolyte by the electric current is being accomplished, the
gold and silver are set free and unite with the mercury, and are
also deposited on the plates or discs of copper, forming amalgam,
which is collected and made marketable by the well-known and tried
methods. The above solution is regenerated with cyanide of potassium
by the setting free of the metals in the passage over the ‘box.’
“In using this solution again for a fresh charge of pulp, it is
reinforced to the desired percentage, or strengthened with cyanide
of potassium and other chemicals, and is always in good condition
for continuing the operation of dissolving.
“The potassium acting on the water of the solution creates
nascent hydrogen and potassium hydrate; the nascent hydrogen sets
free the metals (gold and silver), which are precipitated into the
mercury and form amalgam, leaving hydrocyanic acid; this latter
combines with the potassium hydrate of the former reaction, thus
forming cyanide of potassium. There are other reactions for which I
have not at present the chemical formulas.
“As the solution passes over the mercury, the centre compartment
of the ‘box’ is moved slowly longitudinally, which spreads the
mercury, the solution is agitated and comes in perfect contact with
the mercury, as well as the amalgamated plates or discs of copper,
ensuring a perfect precipitation.
“It is not always necessary to precipitate all the gold and
silver from the solution, for it is used over and over again
indefinitely; but when it is required, it can be done perfectly and
cheaply in a very short time.
“No solution leached from the pulp, containing cyanide of
potassium, gold and silver, need be run to waste, which is in itself
an enormous saving over the use of zinc shavings when handling large
quantities of pulp and solution.
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