(ELECTRONIC NUMERICAL INTEGRATOR AND CALCULATOR) Another of the giant brains that has begun to work is named _ENIAC_. This name comes from the initial letters of the full name, _Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator_. Eniac was born in 1942 at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering, of the University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia. Eniac’s father was the Ordnance Department of the U. S. Army, which provided the funds to feed and rear the prodigy. In the short space of four years, Eniac grew to maturity, and in February 1946 he began to earn his own living by electronic thinking. Eniac promptly set several world’s records. He was the first giant brain to use electronic tubes for calculating. He was the first one to reach the speed of 5000 additions a second. He was the first piece of electronic apparatus containing as many as 18,000 electronic tubes all functioning together successfully. As soon as Eniac started thinking, he promptly made relay calculators obsolete from the scientific point of view, for they have a top speed of perhaps 10 additions a second. At the age of 5, he moved to Maryland at a cost of about $90,000, and his permanent home is now the Ballistic Research Laboratories at the U. S. Army’s Proving Ground at Aberdeen, Md. ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT In the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism in the Carnegie Institution of Washington, a great deal of information about the earth is studied. Many kinds of physical observations are there gathered and analyzed: electricity in the atmosphere, magnetism in the earth, and the weather, for example. In 1941, a physicist, Dr. John W. Mauchly, was thinking about the great mass of numerical information they had to handle. He became convinced that much swifter ways of handling these numbers were needed. He was certain electronic devices could be used for computing at very high speeds, yet he found no one busy applying electronics in this field. With hopes of finding some way of developing electronic computing, he joined the staff of the Moore School of Electrical Engineering in the autumn of 1941.