can be produced by hands far less skilled than those required for pure hand-work. In the description given above of bottle-blowing by hand we have already seen an example of the use of moulds in aiding the blower to form his object to the desired size and shape. Much more complicated and decorative objects can, however, be produced by the use of moulds. Such objects as globes and shades for gas, oil and electric lamps, when of a light substance and suitable shape, are usually produced by blowing bulbs of glass into moulds, where they acquire the general shape as well as the detailed decorated surface configuration which they afterwards present. Here again the body remains a closed vessel, and is only opened and trimmed to the final shape at the end of the operation when all the blowing and moulding have been done. Articles blown in this way very frequently show “mould marks,” since the contact of the hot glass with the relatively cold surface of the mould results in a certain crinkling or roughening of the glass, much as in the process of rolling. This effect can be minimised by dressing the interior surfaces of the moulds with suitable greasy dressings, whose chief property should be that they do not stick to the hot glass and leave little or no residue when gradually burnt away in the mould; the proper care of the moulds and their maintenance is in fact the first essential to successful manufacture in this as well as in the pressed-glass industry. Even under the most favourable conditions, however, the surface of glass blown into moulds is not so good as that of hand-blown articles which have never come into contact with cold materials, and therefore retain undiminished the natural “fire polish” which glass possesses when allowed to cool freely from the molten state. An effort at producing a similar brilliance of surface on moulded and pressed articles is often made by exposing them, after they have attained their final form, to the heat of a furnace to such an extent as to soften the surfaces and allow the glass to re-solidify under the undisturbed influence of surface-tension much as it would do in solidifying freely in the first place. Unfortunately this process cannot be carried out without more or less softening the entire article, so that skilful manipulation is required to prevent serious deformation of the object, while a certain amount of rounding off in all sharp corners and angles cannot be avoided.