Gout, with a section on ocular disease in the goutyLlewellyn, Llewellyn J. (Llewellyn Jones)
Science
Gout, with a section on ocular disease in the gouty
Llewellyn, Llewellyn J. (Llewellyn Jones)
Eye -- Diseases; Gout
The term retrocedent or suppressed gout still lingers in medical
nomenclature, largely, we think, as a tribute to tradition, for rarely
indeed is it invoked in current literature. Known since the days of
Galen and Aretæus, it originally signified a condition in which sudden
_inhibition_ of the _acute joint affection_ is followed by or coincides
with the development of serious _internal_ symptoms referable either to
the gastro-intestinal, cardio-vascular, or nervous system. Thus, there
may be, _e.g._, vomiting, diarrhœa, dyspnœa, cardiac arrhythmia, cerebral
hæmorrhage, delirium or coma.
Naturally for our forefathers the abrupt subsidence of the joint disorder
with the incidence, as fulminant, of severe and alarming _visceral_
symptoms appeared to be an example of true _metastasis_. That death,
tragically sudden, so often ensued, but rendered more imperious the
necessity for explanation; and, in the then state of knowledge, the
proffered assumption could hardly be regarded as anything other than a
perfectly legitimate and useful hypothesis.
The retrocession of the articular affection in _acute_ examples of gout
ensues _abruptly_, but in chronic types it usually transpires more
gradually. Often no cause is assignable, but frequently the so-called
metastasis has followed exposure, chill, or the imprudent application
of cold to the inflamed joints. The late Dr. Parry, of Bath, in one
winter saw two instances of apoplexy follow “the removing of gout in
the extremities by immersing the feet affected in cold water.” In some,
following the same revulsive procedures, severe _cardiac_ pain has ensued
with syncopal attacks, sometimes fatal, while in others _gastro-enteric_
symptoms of like gravity have developed.
It is the _asthenic_ types of gout that, according to Duckworth, are most
prone to _metastasis_. When the phenomena occur rapidly, flitting from
place to place, they have been designated “flying gout.” Nevertheless, as
before said, the most dramatic examples arise in _acute sthenic gout_,
though in their instance less likely to occur spontaneously than in
sequence to depressing external agents, _e.g._, cold lotions, etc.
Reviewing the recorded examples of _retrocedent gout_ in the light of
latter day experience, it is, we think, most significant that no such
dramatic examples apparently occur nowadays, at least none to which the
term “_retrocedent gout_” appears applicable. The designation, indeed,
bids fair to become obsolete. What then is the explanation? That even
to-day cases of acute articular gout yield to, or are replaced by,
functional _visceral_ disturbances, of varying degrees of gravity, is
certainly true. But, partly through increase of knowledge and partly
through the growth of a more critical attitude, we seldom, if ever, feel
justified in ascribing them to _gouty metastasis_.
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