READINGS:—St. Thomas, _Summa Theologica_, 1a 2ae, qu. 114, art. 1 sqq.—Billuart, _De Gratia_, diss. 8, art. 1-5.—*Bellarmine, _De Iustificatione_, V, 1-22.—*Suarez, _Opusc. de Divina Iustitia_.—IDEM, _De Gratia_, l. XII, cap. 1 sqq.—Oswald, _Lehre von der Heiligung, d. i. Gnade, Rechtfertigung, Gnodenwahl_, § 7, 3rd ed., Paderborn 1885.—Tepe, _Institutiones Theologicae_, Vol. III, pp. 223 sqq., Paris 1896.—*Heinrich-Gutberlet, _Dogmatische Theologie_, Vol. VIII, § 473 sqq., Mainz 1897.—Chr. Pesch, _Praelectiones Dogmaticae_, Vol. V, 3rd ed., pp. 215 sqq., Freiburg 1908.—*S. Schiffini, _De Gratia Divina_, pp. 594 sqq., Freiburg 1901.—Kneib, _Die Lohnsucht der christlichen Moral_, Vienna 1904.—I. J. Remler, C. M., _Supernatural Merit_, St. Louis 1914.—A. Devine, C. P., _The Sacraments Explained_, 3rd ed., London 1905, pp. 74-89.—L. Labauche, S. S., _God and Man_, pp. 254-270, N. Y. 1916. (On merit in general see M. Cronin, _The Science of Ethics_, Vol. I, Dublin 1909, pp. 544 sqq.)—B. J. Otten, S. J., _A Manual of the History of Dogmas_, Vol. II, St. Louis 1918, pp. 249 sqq. On the Protestant idea of the fruits of justification see Möhler, _Symbolik_, § 21 sqq. (English edition, pp. 157 sqq.). INDEX A Acceptance of good works by God, 419 sqq. Actual Grace, 3 sqq.; Its nature, 5 sqq.; Its relation to habitual Grace, 14 sqq.; Definition of, 15; Its two-fold causality, 15 sqq.; Division of, 19 sqq.; Properties of, 49 sqq.; Necessity of, 50 sqq.; Gratuity of, 131 sqq.; Universality of, 152 sqq.; Its relation to free-will, 222 sqq.; As a requisite of supernatural merit, 413 sqq. _Actus humanus_, 412. Adoption, 357. Adoptive sonship, 155, 356 sqq. Adults, all receive sufficient grace, 167 sqq. _Affectus credulitatis_, 105. Albertus Magnus, 206, 432. Alexander VIII, 179 sq. Alexander of Hales, 206. Aloysius, St., 211. Alphonsus, St., 415. Alvarez, 30, 216, 242, 243. Ambrose, St., 69, 102, 158, 209, 319, 349, 404. _Amor affectivus et effectivus_, 68. Amsdorf, 291. Anabaptists, 322. Aquaviva, 260, 262. Aristotle, 26, 31, 333, 353. Arnauld, 180. Athanasius, St., 341 sq., 373, 374. Attributes, Divine, 344 sq. “_Auctorem Fidei_,” Bull, 74 sq. Augustine, St., 7, 8, 9, 17, 20, 22, 23, 24 sq., 27, 29, 31, 33, 34, 36, 37, 39, 42, 43, 47, 56, 59 sqq., 66, 70, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 89, 91, 92, 97, 98, 100, 102, 103, 105, 107, 108 sq., 112, 118 sq., 126, 127, 138, 140, 141, 144, 146, 159 sqq., 171, 174, 177, 188, 189 sq., 191 sq., 194, 197, 203 sq., 210, 215, 228 sqq., 249, 252, 253, 254, 259, 262, 264, 289, 308, 319 sq., 337 sq., 339, 342, 343, 350, 368, 373 sq., 375, 383, 387, 394, 404, 421, 424 sq., 430, 431. Augustinianism, 147, 200, 232 sqq. B Baius and Bajanism, 55, 56, 60, 61, 62, 67, 70, 74 sqq., 147, 417. Ballerini, 415.