Grace, Actual and Habitual: A Dogmatic TreatisePohle, Joseph
Religion
Grace, Actual and Habitual: A Dogmatic Treatise
Pohle, Joseph
Grace (Theology)
It may be asked: Is God determined by the _meritum de congruo_ inherent in
all good works to grant the gift of final perseverance as a reward to the
righteous? Theologians are at variance on this point. Ripalda(401) thinks
that this is the case at least with the more conspicuous good works
performed in the state of grace. Suarez modifies this improbable
contention somewhat by saying that prayer alone can infallibly guarantee
final perseverance.(402) Our prayers are infallibly heard if we address
the Father through Jesus Christ, because Christ has promised: “If you ask
the Father anything in my name, he will give it you.”(403) To insure its
being infallibly heard, prayer for perseverance must be made in the state
of grace and unremittingly. True, Christ did not make sanctifying grace a
necessary condition of efficacious prayer. But, as Suarez points out,
prayer cannot be infallibly efficacious unless it proceeds from one who is
in the state of grace, because the moral conditions that render it
efficacious are found only in that state.(404) As to the second point, if
we say that prayer for perseverance must be unremitting, we mean, in the
words of the same eminent theologian, that it must continue throughout
life and must be made with becoming trustfulness and zeal, especially when
there is a duty to be fulfilled or a temptation to be overcome.(405)
READINGS:—Suarez, _De Gratia_, 1. I-II.—*Tricassin, O. Cap., _De
Necessaria ad Salutem Gratia_.—Byonius, _De Gratiae Auxiliis_, in
Becanus, _Theologia Scholastica_, Rouen, 1658.—Scheeben _Natur und
Gnade_, Mainz 1861.—IDEM, _Dogmatik_, Vol. III, § 292-298,
Freiburg 1882.—*Palmieri, _De Gratia Divina Actuali_, thes. 19-29,
Gulpen 1885.—Oswald, _Lehre von der Heiligung_, § 9-11, 3rd ed.,
Paderborn 1885.—Tepe, _Institutiones Theologicae_, Vol. III, pp.
8-51, Paris 1896.—*Heinrich-Gutberlet, _Dogmatische Theologie_,
Vol. VIII, § 396-416, Mainz 1897.—Chr. Pesch, _Praelectiones
Dogmaticae_, Vol. V, 3rd ed., pp. 32 sqq., Freiburg
1908.—Schiffini, _De Gratia Divina_, disp. 2, Freiburg 1901.
On St. Augustine and his teaching cfr. *J. Ernst, _Werke und
Tugenden der Ungläubigen nach Augustinus_, Freiburg 1871.—F.
Wörter, _Die Geistesentwicklung des hl. Augustinus bis zu seiner
Taufe_, Paderborn 1898.—Wolfsgruber, _Augustinus_, Paderborn
1898.—Boucat, _Theologia Patrum Dogmatico-Scholastico-Positiva_,
disp. 3, Paris 1718.—*Zaccaria, _Dissert. de Adiutorio sine quo
non_, in the _Thesaurus Theol._, Vol. V, Venice 1762.—O.
Rottmanner, O. S. B., _Geistesfrüchte aus der Klosterzelle_,
München 1908.—B. J. Otten, S. J., _A Manual of the History of
Dogmas_, Vol. I, St. Louis 1917, pp. 306 sqq., 374 sq.
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