Great Inventions and DiscoveriesPiercy, Willis Duff
History
Great Inventions and Discoveries
Piercy, Willis Duff
Inventions
After graduation Whitney went South to act as tutor in a private
family. Upon arrival at his destination, he found that the position was
already filled. At that time the widow of General Nathanael Greene, who
fought in the Revolutionary War, lived near Savannah, Georgia. She had
become interested in young Whitney and invited him to make her
plantation his home. She noted his inventive skill, and one day when a
group of Georgia planters was discussing at her home the desirability
of a machine for removing cotton-seeds from the fiber, Mrs. Greene
said: "Gentlemen, apply to my friend, Mr. Whitney; he can make
anything." Whitney was called in and the planters laid the matter of
the machine before him. At this time he had never even seen cotton
fiber. But he made up his mind to try what he could do toward solving
the problem.
He went to Savannah and searched among the warehouses and flat-boats
for samples of cotton. Mrs. Greene encouraged him in his undertaking
and gave him a room in the basement of her house for his workshop. Here
he shut himself up with his task, and was heard early and late
hammering, sawing, and filing. No one was admitted to the room but Mrs.
Greene and Phineas Miller, the tutor of Mrs. Greene's children. At the
outset Whitney had neither money nor tools. The money was supplied by
an old college friend; the tools Whitney made himself. He could procure
no wire in Savannah for constructing his machine, and was compelled to
make his own, which he did with much perseverance and skill.
In 1793 the gin was sufficiently completed to convince the inventor
that it would be a complete success. Mrs. Greene invited a number of
distinguished planters and merchants to witness the working of the
machine. The spectators were not slow in realizing the success and the
significance of the invention. They saw that with this little machine
one man could separate as much cotton from the seed in one day as he
could separate by hand in a whole winter. With the gin the cotton grown
on a large plantation could be separated in a few days; by hand, the
separation would require a hundred workmen for several months.
One dark night some unscrupulous persons broke open the shed in which
the unfinished machine had been placed and carried it away. Filled with
rage and despair at the wrong which had been done him, Whitney left
Georgia and went to Connecticut to complete his invention. But he had
scarcely left Savannah when two other claimants for the honor of the
invention appeared in Georgia. A few weeks later a gin very closely
resembling Whitney's came out. His stolen gin was doubtless used as a
model by these false claimants.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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