Great Zimbabwe, Mashonaland, Rhodesia: An account of two years' examination work in 1902-4 on behalf of the government of RhodesiaHall, R. N. (Richard Nicklin)
History
Great Zimbabwe, Mashonaland, Rhodesia: An account of two years' examination work in 1902-4 on behalf of the government of Rhodesia
Hall, R. N. (Richard Nicklin)
Great Zimbabwe (Extinct city); Zimbabwe -- Antiquities
(_b_) The Makalanga have been subject to several successive conquerors,
of whom the Barotse in Mashonaland and the Matabele in Matabeleland
were the last. They have only very indistinct traditions as to their
previous conquerors.
(_c_) The Barotse occupied both provinces, establishing central
strongholds in all districts. They collected tribute from the
Makalanga, and this was taken every year from all the centres to the
_Mambo_ or _Mamba_, the dynastic chief, for the time being, of the
Barotse. And these Mambos resided at Thabas Imamba. Both Makalanga
and Barotse were, and still are, most excellent builders with stones.
[Mr. Drew minutely cross-examined the natives with regard to the
situation or identity of Thabas Imamba]. This is the fixed belief of
every Barotse who is questioned on the subject, and the old men say
it is also within their own knowledge. Before this fresh evidence
was obtained, the authors of _The Ancient Ruins of Rhodesia_ had
published a similar statement on the strength of evidences secured in
Matabeleland. Mr. Neal also stated that no ruin in Rhodesia showed more
evidences of extensive and prolonged occupation than did the ruins on
Thabas Imamba.
(_d_) Jerri’s people (Barotse) never lived at or near Zimbabwe, as
white men had believed they had, but they left what they called “The
Great Buildings of Stone” (Khami) west of where Bulawayo now stands
in 1836–7, and moved to Jerri Mountains, seventy miles south of
Zimbabwe. They left Khami immediately before the Matabele arrived.
On passing through Zimbabwe they encamped for one night only on a
hill one mile west of the ruins. There are many old men who remember
these circumstances, while the general local belief is that Jerri’s
people lived at Khami Ruins, which are well known to the natives here.
[It has always been contended that this tribe of Barotse resided at
Khami for very many generations, but there are very many evidences in
support of this established belief, which are now in hand, and are now
forthcoming.]
(_e_) The head kraal of the Zimbabwe Barotse was at the foot of the
south-east side of the Rusivanga Kopje, and not on the summit, where
the walls and the remains of very substantial huts are old Makalanga.
The Barotse also had a large kraal on the north-east side of the
Bentberg overlooking the Elliptical Temple. [The present Barotse
headmen claim the pottery in the débris at these places as having
been made by their people some four or five generations back, if not
earlier.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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