Great Zimbabwe, Mashonaland, Rhodesia: An account of two years' examination work in 1902-4 on behalf of the government of RhodesiaHall, R. N. (Richard Nicklin)
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Great Zimbabwe, Mashonaland, Rhodesia: An account of two years' examination work in 1902-4 on behalf of the government of Rhodesia
Hall, R. N. (Richard Nicklin)
Great Zimbabwe (Extinct city); Zimbabwe -- Antiquities
Eclipses of the sun or moon foretell war or some other great calamity.
They most usually say of them that the sun or moon is “rotten,”
frequently that they are “sick.”
They generally believe that each moon dies, and that every new moon
is _new_ in the strict sense of the word. Some, however, think that
it does not die altogether, but leaves a seed or germ, which in turn
grows big and then small until only the seed is left. The rising and
setting of the Pleiades, the new and full moon, are occasions of great
rejoicings, dancing, and beer-drinking.
Sacrifices are still made by local natives. Formerly a large number
of black oxen were killed at one sacrifice, but since the scourge of
rinderpest visited Rhodesia goats have been substituted. The last
sacrifice at Zimbabwe took place in February, 1904. The local natives
sacrificed in the Elliptical Temple, but they have no settled point
within the temple where they hold these ceremonies. The sacrifice was
conducted during the prolonged drought then prevailing. The natives
kept the ceremony private until after it was over, and the rain had
arrived.
Makalanga of several tribes from near and far used to come to the
Elliptical Temple for sacrifices, and these were offered up within the
walls, but at different spots inside; while on several occasions the
ceremony took place just outside the walls. Once every village had
its own ceremony, and these took place in January, black bulls being
offered for males and black cows for females.
The sacrifices now made are to the spirits of departed chiefs, and are
offered on the suggestion of witch-doctors, who receive fees for their
advice, and who, to make money, declare that the spirit of some dead
chief or relative is angry and must be appeased. Some portion of the
meat was taken to the spot supposed to be haunted by the spirit, and
the rest is eaten by those present, the bones being sometimes burnt or
thrown into a river; but recently they have been left about the spot.
Sacrifices were usually offered to secure success in any venture to be
undertaken, or to obtain good harvests. Till recently they practised a
similar rite to that known in Mosaic times, and in this instance also
the animal was not killed, but was led out on to the veld and purposely
lost. If found it was not killed. The natives are aware that this rite
was once observed by their people, but state it is not practised now.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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