The Arcadians refused to accept the king’s rescript. When in 365 the
Eleans attempted to assert their authority over Lasion, on the Arcadian
border, they were driven off by the Arcadians, who followed up their
success by overrunning Elis, and occupied Olympia itself, fortifying and
garrisoning the hill of Cronus. The next year, under the protection of
the whole armed force of Arcadia, the Pisatans at last found themselves
presiding over the games. But the festival was not to pass off
undisturbed. The Eleans, with some Achaean allies, arrived on the west
bank of the Cladeus while the pentathlon was in progress. There was
general alarm among the spectators, who had just left the Stadium and
were congregated on the steps of the Treasuries and in the Colonnades
watching the progress of the wrestling match which took place in the
open space between the buildings and the great altar. The Arcadian
troops advanced to the Cladeus and fell in opposite to the Eleans. But
the latter, having crossed the river, charged them with unexpected
courage, and drove them back into the Altis, where a desperate fight
took place in the space “between the Council House, the shrine of
Hestia, and the Theatre adjoining these buildings.”[211] There, however,
they were exposed to a shower of missiles from the roofs of the Council
House, the Colonnades, and the Temple of Zeus. And though they
maintained the combat and bore their opponents back towards the altar,
their losses were heavy, and Stratolas, their captain, being slain, they
drew off to their encampment. During the night the Arcadians, fearful of
a renewed attack, occupied themselves in pulling to pieces their
elaborately constructed quarters between the Altis and the Cladeus and
making a stockade of the material; and in the morning the Eleans, seeing
the strength of the fortifications, returned home, leaving the Pisatans
to celebrate the festival. Their triumph was only short-lived. The
religious feeling of Greece, outraged by the sacrilege at Olympia, was
still further scandalized by the appropriation of the sacred treasures
of Zeus for the use of the Arcadian league. There was disunion in the
league itself, and when, two years later, the Peloponnese was once more
threatened by a Theban invasion, the Arcadians made peace with Elis and
acknowledged her rights over Olympia.
This was the last attempt of the Pisatans. The Eleans rapidly recovered
their power. The 104th Olympiad was expunged from the records and
declared an Anolympiad. And the triumph of the Eleans was commemorated
by a colossal statue of Zeus, with an inscription truly appropriate to
the part which Olympia had played in Greek history—“The Eleans for
concord” (Ϝαλείων περὶ ὁμονοίαρ).[212]
Footnote 144:
The first trainer of whom we hear is Tisias, who trained Glaucus of
Carystus (Philostratus, _Gym._ 20). Pindar mentions Menander (_N._ v.;
cp. Bacchylides xii.), Orseas (_I._ iii.), Ilas (_O._ xi.), Melesias
(_O._ viii.; _N._ iv., vi.).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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