An entirely different view of Herodicus is ably stated by Dr. Jüthner in the introduction to his Philostratus. He regards Herodicus as the father of scientific and medical gymnastic, as applied to the preservation of health and the cure of disease, and he claims that Plato himself shows warm recognition of his merits in the passage in the _Protagoras_, where he classes him with Homer, Hesiod, and others, among the great sophists who beguiled mankind. The passage certainly proves the ability and popularity of Herodicus, but I can see in it no evidence that Plato did not genuinely dislike his system. The strongest proof of the unscientific and useless character of his system is supplied by the deterioration of the athlete and of the national physique, which dates from this period. Footnote 161: Plato, _Leg._ 839 C. Footnote 162: Plutarch, _Vita. Alexand._ 35. Footnote 163: _Plutus_, 1161. Footnote 164: Xen. _Hell._ i. 5, 19; Paus. vi. 7, 4. Footnote 165: _Mem._ iii. 12. For the contrast between ἀθλητής and ἰδιωτής cp. _Hieron_, 4, 6; _Mem._ iii. 7, 7. Footnote 166: _Nub._ 961-1023; _Ran._ 1086. Footnote 167: Thus in the present day professional football-players are largely drawn from the country districts of Scotland. Footnote 168: Plato, _Meno_, 93 D. Footnote 169: _Nubes_, passim. Footnote 170: Thuc. vi. 16, 2. The epinikion written by Euripides states that he was first, second, and third. So too does Isocrates, _de Bigis_, 34. Footnote 171: _vide infra_, Fig. 165. Footnote 172: Part of the inscription was found in 1877, and is now in the Museum at Sparta. Tod, _Sparta Mus. Cat._ 440. The rest has been recently discovered during the excavations of the British School, and is discussed in the _B.S.A._ xiii. p. 174. It contains a list of victories won by Damonon and his son, Enymacratidas, in the chariot-race, horse-race, and foot-races at nine local festivals, most of them in Laconia. The inscription belongs to the middle or end of the fifth century. It throws an interesting light on the number of local festivals at this period. Footnote 173: _Ox. Pap._ ii. 222. Footnote 174: Paus. vi. 2, 6. Footnote 175: Paus. vi. 18, 4. Footnote 176: Paus. v. 21, 5. Footnote 177: Paus. v. 21, 5. Footnote 178: Paus. vi. 3, 7. Footnote 179: Paus. vi. 1, 4. Footnote 180: These changes were particularly connected with the Athenian Iphicrates and Jason of Therae. Footnote 181: Taking the lists given by Hyde, pp. 75-77, we find that between Ols. 84-106 out of 54 statues 20 were in honour of boxers, 6 of pankratiasts, 11 of wrestling, 7 of runners, 2 of pentathletes, and 8 of chariots or horses. Footnote 182: Isocrates, _Panegyric_, 43 ff.; Lysias, _Olymp._ Footnote 183: Thuc. v. 49; cp. viii. 10 of the Isthmia. Footnote 184: