It is uncertain when and where the victors were crowned.[304] The only
definite pronouncement on the point is that of a late scholiast, who
states that the prizes were distributed on the sixteenth day.[305] In
support of this statement is quoted the commencement of the seventh ode
of Bacchylides, unfortunately much mutilated, which appears to connect
the sixteenth day “with judgment for speed of foot and strength of
limb.” But it may be noted that the verb ἐγκρίνω here used, like the
ἁγνὰ κρίσις of which Pindar speaks, does not necessarily imply the
prize-giving, but would be equally applicable to the actual
competitions, or to the rejoicings and feast in which all the victors
took part on the sixteenth day. At the same time, this passage of
Bacchylides may well have given rise to the scholiast’s note on Pindar.
On the other hand, there are certain allusions which seem to indicate
that the victors were crowned by the Hellanodicas immediately after each
event. This is certainly the natural inference from the story told by
Pausanias of Apollonius, who having been disqualified by the
Hellanodicae in the boxing for arriving too late, bound on the boxing
thongs, and made a violent attack on Heracleides, to whom the
Hellanodicae had already awarded the crown, and who had the olive
already on his head.[306] Again, Ageus who won the long-distance race in
328 B.C. ran straight home to Argos and reported the news of his victory
the same day.[307] Surely he must have received the crown first.
Otherwise he must have returned that same night from Argos to Olympia in
order to receive his prize the next day! Lastly, the picture described
by Philostratus of the death of Arrhichion, who died in the moment of
victory in the pankration, represents the Hellanodicas in the act of
crowning him.[308] The stories themselves are fanciful, and their
evidence is by no means conclusive, but, agreeing as they do with the
undoubted practice of the heroic age,[309] it seems to me probable that
the victor received his crown immediately after his victory.
Let us now try to form some idea of the Olympic festival in the middle
of the fifth century, the moment of Olympia’s greatest glory, when
Libon’s temple had been completed, when the stadium and hippodrome had
been laid out, when Pindar and Bacchylides were still singing the
praises of the victors, and Myron and Polycleitus were immortalizing
them in bronze. Some details will be inserted for the sake of
convenience which may belong to a later date, but in such cases the fact
will be noted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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