The day after the horse-races was occupied by a series of competitions
between companies or tribes, in which the local and religious character
of the festival is yet more clearly manifest. First came the Pyrrhic
chorus, an event which took place at the lesser Panathenaea as well as
the great.[413] Our inscription enumerates three prizes: one for boys,
one for youths, one for men. Each prize is an ox of the value of 100
drachmae, which furnished the victors with a victim for sacrifice and
provision for a feast. The composition of the Pyrrhic chorus is known to
us from a relief on the basis of a statue set up by Atarbus to
commemorate the victories gained at the Panathenaea by a cyclic chorus,
and a Pyrrhic chorus that he had provided in the archonship of
Cephisodorus, _i.e._ either 366 or 323 B.C.[414] On one side is
represented the Pyrrhic chorus (Fig. 35): it consists of eight youths
linked, and armed with helmets and shields, who move in rhythmic dance
under the direction of a trainer, robed in a long mantle and holding in
his hand a scroll. The whole Pyrrhic chorus of boys, youths, and men
must therefore have numbered twenty-four. Whether they competed as a
single chorus or as three is uncertain. On the other side of the relief
we see a cyclic chorus, also consisting of eight youths, but clothed in
long mantles wrapt close about them, and revolving apparently in a
circle. Next came two competitions between tribes, for which the prize
again is the sacrificial ox, destined perhaps to be led in the
procession of the morrow. The first competition is for εὐανδρία, which
in the fourth century seems to mean merely “good looks.” In the
Panathenaic procession certain old men were selected for their beauty to
carry the sacred olive branches. Each tribe chose certain
representatives, and this competition was apparently intended to decide
which tribe should provide these “handsome old men.”[415] The nature of
the second competition is not stated in the inscription, but as the next
line refers to the torch-race, it is probable that this too was a
competition for good looks, to decide which tribe should take part in
the evening’s torch-race. The torch-race at the Panathenaea was an
individual competition, in which the winner received a hydria valued at
30 drachmae.
[Illustration: Fig. 35. Relief on monument of Atarbus. Acropolis Museum.
Fourth century.]
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