The athletic records of Olympia date from the year 776 B.C., the 28th
Olympiad from the organization of the games by Iphitus. This Olympiad,
in which Coroebus of Elis won the foot-race, is counted as the first
Olympiad in the Olympic register,[58] and from this date we have a
complete list of winners in this race copied by Eusebius from the work
of Julius Africanus, who brought the register down to the year 217 A.D.
The register was originally compiled by Hippias of Elis at the close of
the fifth century. It was revised and brought up to date by various
writers from Aristotle and Philochorus down to Phlegon of Tralles in the
time of Hadrian and Julius Africanus in the third century A.D. A list of
victors was set up at Olympia by Paraballon, an Olympic victor, and the
father of the boy victor Lastratidas, whose date is fixed by Hyde in the
first half of the fourth century B.C.[59] It was not till the third
century B.C. that the Olympic register was used as a means of reckoning
dates, the year being dated by the number of the Olympiad and the name
of the winner of the stade-race. Hence the preservation by Eusebius of
the names of the winners of this race. The earlier lists, as we know
from fragments of Phlegon and a fragment recently found on an
Oxyrhynchus papyrus, contained the names of winners in other events.
The value of the early portions of the register has been called in
question by Mahaffy, Busolt, and Körte, who, starting from Plutarch’s
sceptical remark that Hippias had no sure basis for his work, contend
that no credit should be attached to the records previous to the sixth
century. They have proved that the register was imperfect—it could
hardly have been otherwise; that the task of compiling it was
difficult—men like Hippias and Aristotle would not otherwise have
devoted their time to it. But we can hardly believe that Hippias could
have imposed a purely fictitious list of victors on the critical Greek
world at the end of the fifth century, or that Aristotle would have
revised it without some evidence for his work. What sort of record was
kept by the priests of Olympia, and when it began, we cannot say. The
use of writing at Olympia is proved for the seventh century by the
diskos of Iphitus and the decrees or Ϝράτραι of the Eleans with regard
to the sacred truce. The official register of Athenian archons dates
from 683 B.C., if not earlier, and recent discoveries as to the
antiquity of writing in Crete make us hesitate to deny the existence of
written records for the eighth century. Besides official lists there
must have been many local lists of victors, family records, genealogies,
besides inscriptions on monuments. Of the first sixteen victors in the
register four at least are connected by Pausanias with monuments or
inscriptions, possibly not contemporary with the people commemorated but
yet valuable as evidence. If you set up a monument to your
great-grandfather, it may be of great importance to a future antiquarian
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