Seleucids, hemmed in by Egypt, 159; division in dynasty of, 187; get access to sea, 188; lose prestige in Asia, 189 _f._; disarmed by Rome, 190 _f._; dynastic war among, 191; half Iranian, 195; expansion of, 196 _ff._; crown lands of, 199; land policy of, 202 _f._; administrative service of, 203; local government of, 203, 205; empire of, a conglomerate of states, 205 _ff._; relation of, to city-states, 208; difficulties of, 211; intimidated by Rome, 213 _f._ Seleucus, son of Antiochus, 184; at Ipsus, 185; reaches Mediterranean, 185; at Corupedion, 185; faithful to Iranian wife, 195; relation to Alexander, 195. ... _Callinicus_, 186. Sellasia, battle of, 242. Semites, view of Alexander as to, 135 _f._ Sicilian expedition, 76. Sicyon, added to Achæan league, 230. Siwah, oasis of, visited by Alexander, 126 _ff._, 139 _ff._ Slavery, rôle of, in Athens, 61 _f._ Social War, 246. Socrates, 97. Sparta, size of, 19; Peloponnesian league of, 20; Hellenic league of, 20 _f._; supports aristocracy, 20; pretexts of, for tyranny, 25; refuses to enter Achæan league, 32 _f._; funeral custom of, 43; home of poets and musicians, 81 _f._; golden age of art at, 82; absence of tyrants in, 84; military life of, 84 _f._; puritan movement in, 85; army of, 86; danger of, from Helots, 87; growth of, 87 _ff._; change of foreign policy by, 88 _f._; in conflict with democratic movement, 89 _f._; domestic situation in, when hegemon, 90 _ff._; imperial problems of, 93 _ff._; donation to, from Ætolians, 241. Spartans, kinsmen of the Jews, 79 _f._ _Stasis_, 22 _ff._ Stoa, philosophy of, in Macedon, 225 _f._ Superiority, essential in empire, 2. Susa, great marriage of, 136 _ff._ _Symmachia_, basis of Spartan empire, 20 _f._; of Athenian empire, 24 _f._ Sympolity, defined, 32 _f._ Syncretism, religious, in Egypt, 178 _f._ Synod, Boeotian, 27 _ff._; Hellenic, of Philip II, 28 _ff._; of Antigonus Doson, 242 _ff._; Achæan, 237. Taxes, in Athens, 68. Temples, in Egypt, 172 _f._; subordinated to city-states by Seleucids, 200; despoiled by Seleucids, 200 _f._ Thebes, hegemony of, 26; position of, in Boeotia, 27; destruction of, 123 _f._ Themistocles, policy of, 39 _f._ Theocritus, on Philadelphus, 156, 171 _f._ Theopompus, on Philip II, 118. Thermopylæ, battle of, 189 _f._