Greek drama (Tragedy) -- History and criticism; Mythology, Greek, in literature
This tragedy, let it be said plainly, is on the whole poor and
uninteresting.[512] It has been frequently noted, for example, that
the plot is “episodic,” that it falls into two divisions, the story of
Polyxena and the vengeance upon Polymestor, which are really two small
dramas with no genuine connexion. To this it has been replied that the
spiritual history of Hecuba supplies unity to the whole; that these
episodes bring out her development from a victim into a fiend.[513]
But this is scarcely satisfactory. For the two parts are developed so
completely along their several lines, they have so little dependence upon
one another, that they could stand apart; and that is the real test.
Further, the poet himself is uneasy. He is anxious to make some sort of
connexion, but it is curiously adventitious. His device, that the corpse
of Polydorus is discovered by the woman sent for water wherewith to bathe
the body of Polyxena, has won too high praise. An attempt to strengthen
it, or rather to draw attention to its neatness, is supplied in the
conversation between Hecuba and Agamemnon:[514] “How did he die?” “By the
hands of his Thracian host.” ... “Who brought his body hither?” ... “This
woman. She found it upon the sea-shore.” “_Was she looking for it, or
busied with some other task?_” The last question is absurd; Agamemnon has
no reason to ask it. Other little hooks,[515] less obtrusive than this,
are provided here and there to connect the two parts. If the play were an
unity they would not be needed.
Again, the favourite charge against Euripides, that he delights in
quasi-judicial disputes, is brought in here also. The accusation is
generally unfair. Critics have been so eager to condemn this poet that
they forget the trial scene of the _Eumenides_, the altercation between
Œdipus and Creon in the _Œdipus at Colonus_ and various other passages in
the earlier tragedians. If a dispute occurs at all, it is in accordance
with the genius of Greek tragedy to set it out in formally opposed
speeches. One might as well complain of Hamlet’s soliloquies. But in the
_Hecuba_ there is more than this. The queen has a gusto not merely for
eloquent appeals or invective, but for self-conscious rhetoric, “Filled
with lament, not destitute of tears,”[516] is abominable. One is not
surprised to learn that the queen is interested in professional teachers
of rhetoric,[517] and one remembers that Gorgias, the greatest of them,
paid his first visit to Athens a year or two[518] before this play was
produced.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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