Greek drama (Tragedy) -- History and criticism; Mythology, Greek, in literature
Near the end he exclaims against the consolations of Theseus: “Alas!
such words as thine are too trivial for my sorrows. I think not that the
gods love unlawful unions, and that they put chains upon one another is
a belief I never held nor will I ever. God, if he be God, in truth needs
naught. These are but poets’ wretched tales.”[562] Plainly, the sober
and reasonable speech which begins thus repudiates the highly-coloured
but pernicious stories of tradition to which Theseus has just appealed.
Heracles believes in one God utterly above human weaknesses. Then what
of Zeus’ love of Alcmena, the jealousy of Hera, the whole basis of his
suffering as conceived by the orthodox? And what of his own semi-divine
nature, the foundation again of his superhuman deeds? They are delusions.
Heracles is no demi-god; his exploits, however great and valuable, are
in no sense miraculous. This view, moreover, is precisely that which
we ought to gain from the early part of the drama. Lycus is no doubt
an insolent bully, but would certainly not brave annihilation (whether
at the hands of Zeus or of his son) by slaughtering a demi-god’s
family. That he acts so proves that he does not believe in the divine
parentage of Heracles; and the support so readily given by Thebes to his
policy shows as plainly that to the mass of citizens no real proofs of
superhuman nature have been offered. In brief, the actions and language
of every one in the play except Heracles himself, Amphitryon, and the
chorus—of every one, including Theseus and even Megara, imply that in
this play Heracles is indeed a person of note, but an “eminent man” of no
very startling eminence.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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