[837] He seems in private conversation to have maintained the necessity of this; compare the criticism of Æschylus which he utters in the _Frogs_, 1122: ἀσαφὴς γὰρ ἦν ἐν τῇ φράσει τῶν πραγμάτων. φ.τ.π. is precisely “prologue” in the Euripidean sense. [838] _Herc. Fur._, 601 _sqq._ [839] Mr. G. B. Shaw. [840] _Troades_, vv. 1204-6. Cp. _Helena_, 1140-3. [841] See Mr. W. H. S. Jones, _The Moral Standpoint of Euripides_, pp. 28 _sq._ This view is also set forth by Jebb, _The Growth and Influence of Classical Greek Poetry_, p. 218, and by Nestle, _Euripides der Dichter der Gr. Aufklärung_, p. 174. [842] _Orestes_, vv. 982 _sqq._: μόλοιμι τὰν οὐρανοῦ κτἑ. [843] See Mr. E. F. Carritt, _The Theory of Beauty_, p. 156. [844] _Ibid._ p. 89. [845] v. 618. [846] _Helena_, vv. 489 _sqq._ [847] _Iph. Aul._, vv. 819 _sqq._ [848] _Ion_, v. 1039. [849] _The Possessed_, Ch. I. [850] v. 674: ὦ πατρὸς ὅμαιμε θεῖε. [851] _Orestes_, vv. 71-111. [852] M. Arnold, _The Scholar-Gipsy_. Cp. Mrs. Browning’s well-known lines on “Our Euripides the human”. [853] _Fr._ 916:— μή μοι λεπτῶν θίγγανε μύθων, ψυχή· τί περισσὰ φρονεῖς, εἰ μὴ μέλλεις σεμνύνεσθαι παρ’ ὁμοίοις; [854] _Fr._ 894:— σοφὸν γὰρ ἄνδρα, κἂν ἑκὰς ναίῃ χθονός, κἂν μήποτ’ ὄσσοις εἰσίδω, κρίνω φίλον. And Nestle (p. 368) aptly quotes from Schiller’s _Don Carlos_ (III, 10): Das Jahrhundert Ist meinem Ideal nicht reif. Ich lebe Ein bürger derer, welche kommen werden. [855] See the celebrated sketch of progressive degradation in Thucydides (III, 82, 83). [856] Dr. W. Nestle’s work is entitled _Euripides der Dichter der griechischen Aufklärung_. [857] _Herc. Fur._, 673 _sqq._ [858] A totally different thing from the written Greek accents ΄, `, and ῀, which refer to pitch, not stress. [859] συνάφεια, “connexion,” “continuity.” [860] These cause almost all the difficulty of scanning iambics. Till one is quite familiar with them it is a good plan to begin at the end. Nearly all resolved feet occur in the third or fourth place. [861] Sophocles sometimes neglects this pause. Not only does he occasionally end a line with a word (such as the definite article) which belongs closely to the first word of the next line; in a few places he elides a vowel at the end before a vowel in the following line. See, for instance, _Œd. Tyr._, 29. [862] Latin, _cæsura_ “a cutting”. [863] No such lines are extant in Greek, but an analogy can be found in Ennius’ hexameter: Sparsis hastis longis campus splendet et horret. In the _Peruigilium Veneris_, the trochee is much too often contained in a single word, _e.g._: Hybla totos funde flores, quotquot annus adtulit.