Greek drama (Tragedy) -- History and criticism; Mythology, Greek, in literature
Such a close evidently implies that the story was continued in another
work, and it has been conjectured that the _Egyptians_ and the _Danaides_
(“Daughters of Danaus”) formed the second and third parts of the trilogy.
Scarcely anything of these two plays has been preserved, but there is
good reason to suppose that the Egyptians were victorious, that the
daughters of Danaus were compelled to marry their ferocious suitors,
and that on the command of their father each slew her husband on the
wedding-night. Hypermnestra alone spared her lover, by name Lynceus.
It seems that she was put on her trial for this disobedience and was
saved by the advocacy of Aphrodite, who thus foreshadows the Apollo
of the _Eumenides_. The satyric play was perhaps the _Amymone_; this
was the name of one of the Danaides, who was delivered from a satyr by
Poseidon. Viewed not historically, but æsthetically, especially by a
reader already familiar with the _Oresteia_, the play must be confessed
bald and monotonous. Many of Æschylus’ most splendid attributes, it
is true, are to be discerned, but their fire too often sinks into
smouldering grimness. The only really fine passages are those portions of
the lyrics which bear the impress of the poet’s masculine and profound
theology. Such strictures, however, are merely one way of saying that
the _Supplices_ is an early work. It would be fairer (were it only
possible) to compare it with the drama of Phrynichus rather than with
the _Agamemnon_. Here, perhaps for the first time, we have a genuinely
dramatic situation—the collision between the king and the herald. There
is little characterization. The chorus are simply distressed damsels
(save for their vivid and strong religious faith), the king is simply a
magnanimous and wary monarch, the herald simply a “myrmidon”. Danaus,
however, shows some interesting traits. He is extremely sententious and
rejoices in the fact: “Inscribe this on your hearts beside the many
other precepts of your father written there”.[210] His exhortation[211]
to chaste behaviour, though long and (as his daughters assure him)
unnecessary, is, albeit corrupt textually, one of the most striking
passages in the play. But one feels that characterization is perhaps less
needed in a work which, literally from the first word, is filled with
the name of God, Zeus,[212] the ancestor of the Danaids, the lord of the
universe, the guardian of right. “And whensoever it is decreed by nod of
Zeus that a thing be brought to fullness, it falls not prostrate, but
on its feet. Yea, through thicket and shadow stretch the paths of his
decrees, that no thoughts can spy them out.”[213] Equally majestic is the
language concerning that other Zeus[214] who judges the sins of men in
Hades. Finally, though the thought and diction are in the main stark if
dignified, a change comes over the play before the end: we get a little
“atmosphere”. Danaus already fears personal enemies (v. 1008), and the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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