Gutenberg, and the Art of PrintingPearson, Emily C. (Emily Clemens)
History
Gutenberg, and the Art of Printing
Pearson, Emily C. (Emily Clemens)
Gutenberg, Johann, 1397?-1468
Well done, Peter Schoeffer! we cannot sufficiently admire thy taste,
patience, and perseverance. What an infinite deal of labor and pains
it cost thee to design and engrave hundreds of these illuminated
letters for the Bible! Besides, there was the general superintendence
of type-cutting; for every letter was drafted by the same hand. We
are puzzled to think where you acquired your skill. It is said that
you were famously started under the fostering care of Father Melchoir,
himself a good copyist, and then improved your style by two years’
application at the University of Paris. And all this that the Bible
may be fittingly printed! Little did you think when a student at the
Cathedral of Strasbourg, for what you were studying. Neither did it
occur to you while your eye was schooled for the conception, and your
hand for the execution of beauty, at Paris, for what you were preparing.
In due time Martin returned from his mission, bearing a Bible in
manuscript, in a satchel on his back, and great were the rejoicings and
congratulations of the firm and their families.
Gutenberg, Faust, and Schoeffer now became more and more absorbed in
the various divisions of the art of printing, preparatory to setting
the Bible in type in the best style.
The simple branch of inventing and making ink, for example, cost time
and patience; many experiments being tried before the right combination
was found. Common writing ink would not answer, being so liquid as
to deface the paper with blots. Finally, a mixture of linseed oil
and lamp-black or soot was tried, and found to possess the right
consistence. They succeeded so well in compounding it that, as one has
said, “their works show a depth and richness of color which excites
the envy of the moderns; nor has it turned brown, or rendered the
surrounding paper in the least degree dingy.” It was applied to the
type by dabbers. These were balls of skin stuffed with wool, precisely
like those used forty years ago. The types were disposed in cases much
as they are now.
The firm was getting on finely, having prepared several hundred pounds’
weight of type for the Bible, when Schoeffer, getting weary of this
monotonous cutting, “and being ardently desirous to improve the art,”
bethought him of trying to invent a simpler and speedier method of
preparing type.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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