England -- Antiquities, Roman; Hadrian's Wall (England); Walls, Roman -- England
Two very valuable hoards of gold coins have been found, one in 1908
and the other in 1911. The coins of the later find were the earlier
and more valuable, ranging from Nero to Antoninus Pius, Hadrian's
successor. They have all been sent to the British Museum.
The famous "Corbridge Lion" was found in a tank in what was probably
the garden of a house in the settlement.
Amongst the interesting inscribed stones found here is a tombstone in
memory of Barathes of Palmyra (in the Arabian desert), who was a
standard-bearer in the Roman army, and died at the age of {232}
sixty-eight. A much finer tombstone, which he dedicated to his wife,
Regina, who only lived to be thirty, is to be seen in the South
Shields Museum, having been found in that neighbourhood.
The excavations at Corstopitum were carried out, under the
superintendence of Mr. R. H. Forster, F.S.A., chiefly during the long
vacations, when Professor Haverfield and Dr. H. H. E. Craster were
able to be much on the spot, and Oxford undergraduates could get an
insight into the methods of "reading the soil" employed by
archæologists in Britain.
HEXHAM.
Hexham is not a Roman site, but there are many traces of the Roman
occupation in the Abbey.
The Saxon crypt, almost the only remaining part of the original
church built by Bishop Wilfrid in 674, is entirely constructed of
Roman stones. The workmen who built it have attached no importance
whatever to the beauty of the mouldings, nor to the interest of the
inscriptions. They have simply used them as a "key" for the plaster
with which walls and ceiling were covered.
A very beautiful olive-leaf-and-berry moulding occurs frequently;
there are also a cable pattern, an elaborate fig-leaf design from a
door-jamb, and a deeply fluted column, all built up into the walls of
the crypt.
{233}
Two Roman inscriptions occur: one is on a stone used as a flat
roof-slab, and the other has had a semi-circle cut out of it to form
the head of a door-way.
The flat roof-slab contained the names of Severus and his two sons,
but the name of Geta has been erased as usual, by order of the
brother who murdered him.
The most interesting Roman stone at Hexham is a tombstone with a
vigorous carving of a Roman soldier on horseback, carrying the
standard, and treading on his prostrate enemy.
The inscription reads:
"To the gods, the shades. Flavinus, a soldier of the cavalry
regiment of Petriana, standard-bearer of the troop of Candidus, being
twenty-five years of age, and having served seven years in the army,
is here laid."
Then there is an altar dedicated to Apollo Maponus by Terentius
Firmus, a native of Siena, and prefect of the camps of the Sixth
Legion.
Dr. Bruce was of opinion that the Roman stones in the Abbey were
brought from Corstopitum--more especially because, in the bed of the
river near Hexham, Roman stones abandoned in transit have been found.
This view has been fully confirmed in recent years.
{234}
FROM GILSLAND TO BEWCASTLE.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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