Hallowed Heritage: The Life of VirginiaTorpey, Dorothy Margaret
History
Hallowed Heritage: The Life of Virginia
Torpey, Dorothy Margaret
Virginia -- Civilization
General Arnold, however, realized the hatred of the Virginians
toward him for the burning and destruction for which he was
responsible in Richmond. Consequently, after his army had united
with Cornwallis' troops at Petersburg, he asked for a transfer to
New York. Cornwallis, who disliked Arnold himself, granted the
request. When Lafayette was informed of the tremendous number of
British soldiers massed in Petersburg, he realized that it would
be futile for his comparatively small force of 3,000 men to try
to combat them. Consequently, he retreated slowly from Richmond
towards Fredericksburg where he was joined by General Anthony Wayne.
Cornwallis who had expected to trap Lafayette and his army was
surprised by the orderly retreat and decided not to attack Richmond
again as the legislature had already withdrawn to Charlottesville.
On May 10, 1781, as the British neared Richmond, Governor Jefferson
had ordered the General Assembly, which was then in session, to
leave Richmond and continue the session at Charlottesville on May
24. Thus, Charlottesville for a brief time was the official capital
of Virginia. Governor Jefferson's home, Monticello, was used as a
guest house for many of Jefferson's legislative friends. Cornwallis
decided to capture Jefferson who was at his home at Monticello,
approximately three miles from Charlottesville, to seize the
legislators at Charlottesville and to destroy a large quantity of
military stores at a place called Point-of-Fork (at the junction of
the Rivanna and James Rivers). Cornwallis believed that such a plan,
if successfully carried out, would result in the complete surrender
of the State of Virginia. Therefore, Cornwallis divided his cavalry
into two groups: one commanded by Colonel John G. Simcoe who was to
proceed to Point-of-Fork and the other commanded by Colonel Banastre
Tarleton who was to proceed to Charlottesville, approximately
seventy miles from his headquarters. After accomplishing these
objectives, Tarleton was to continue to Point-of-Fork and help
Colonel Simcoe.
General Baron Von Steuben heard about Simcoe's plan and was able
to have all the military stores hauled across the river before his
arrival. Simcoe, however, used military strategy in this instance
which worked most successfully: he had his men spread out, cut
down trees and build large camp-fires at great distances apart
thus giving the impression that all of Cornwallis' army was on
this campaign. General Steuben observing the large radius of camp
concluded that Cornwallis' entire force was across the river.
Consequently, he had his lighter baggage moved and had his troops
evacuate the area. Simcoe destroyed all the heavy baggage and
military stores and returned successfully to Cornwallis the next
morning.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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