=Treatment.=--Foment; apply poultice; when abscess opens, keep washed with carbolic acid. Keep open until internal disease is thoroughly eradicated; then keep clean with cold water and dress with sulphate of copper, iron, or zinc, 5 grains of either to 1 oz. of water; or carbolic acid 20 drops in glycerine 20 drops, and added to 1 oz. of water. For treads or wounds on coronet between hair and hoof, and when the sore has become healthy in case of quittor, a good treatment is common turpentine and hog's lard, equal parts melted together. Spread on tow and bind on wound with bandage. RINGWORM. =Symptoms.=--This contagious disease is due to the presence of a parasite in the skin, and is manifested by the hair falling out in circular patches. =Treatment.=--Dress patches with blistering ointment (powdered cantharides 1 part, lard 6 parts), or with tar dressing as for mange. RHEUMATISM. A peculiar form of inflammation attacking the fibrous structures of the body. =Treatment.=--Laxative food; 6 drachms of aloes, 1 drachm of calomel, as a cathartic; 1 oz. bicarbonate of soda, followed daily by a dose half that amount with ½ oz. nitrate of potash; if these fail, give 2 drachms of iodide of potassium in addition. Foment with hot water to which poppy-heads have been added, dry thoroughly, and apply flannel bandages. Clothe warmly. Keep quiet. SAND-CRACK. =Symptoms.=--A split in the wall of the hoof commencing on top near the coronet and extending downward. =Treatment.=--Apply bar-shoe and use hoof ointment (tar and lard, equal parts, melted together). If the animal be lame, remove shoe and immerse the foot in a bucket of hot water for an hour or two, and then poultice. SCURVY. =Symptoms.=--Eruptions and itching, often in the bend of the knee, the hock, or mane and tail. =Treatment.=--Apply ointment (iodide of sulphur 1 drachm, glycerine 6 oz.); give carbonate of soda 1 oz. twice a day; ½ oz. Fowler's solution of arsenic twice a day. Mild laxative food. SORES. =Symptoms.=--Sores on back, withers, or shoulders are ordinarily due to recent swellings from blows or injuries of some kind. =Treatment.=--Sulphate of zinc 4 drachms, cold water 1 quart; apply by washing or with wetted bandages. Or first cleanse a healthy sore with soap and water, then apply sulphur 3 parts, iodoform 1 part. SPRAINS. Sprains consist in an overstretching of a muscle, tendon, or ligament to such a degree as to rupture some of the fibres of which it is composed. They are divided into _muscular sprains, tendonous sprains, and ligamentous sprains_. Muscular sprains usually occur in the powerful muscles of the loins and quarters; they are serious and often permanent injuries.