Handbook for Light Artillery

Name: Handbook for Light Artillery
Author: Dyer, A. B. (Alexander Brydie)

Dyer, A. B. (Alexander Brydie)

Artillery, Field and mountain

=Ignition= is the raising of the temperature of some point of a grain
of powder to 300° C.

=Inflammation= is the spread of the ignition from point to point on the
surface of the grain or mass.

=Combustion= is the burning of the grain from the ignited surface,
inward or outward, as the case may be.

=Density= is the ratio of the weight of a grain of gunpowder to that of
an equal volume of water under standard conditions. It varies from 1.68
to 1.90, rarely exceeding 1.85.

=Gravimetric Density= is the ratio of a given volume of powder to that
of an equal volume of water under standard conditions.

=Density of Loading= is the ratio of the weight of a charge of
gunpowder to the weight, under standard conditions, of the volume of
water that would fill the powder-chamber. Its value is 27.68 W/C, in
which W is the weight of the charge _in pounds_, and _C_ the volume of
the chamber _in cubic inches_.

=Initial Air-space= is the portion of the chamber in a loaded gun or
shell unoccupied by solid matter before firing.

=The Reduced Length= of any volume in the bore of a gun is the height
of a right cylinder of the same volume, but with a diameter equal to
the calibre of the gun.

=An Adiabatic Transformation= is a change that takes place in the state
of a gas within an envelope impermeable to heat, or which occurs in
such a short space of time that no heat is received or lost by it.

=Detonation= is exceedingly quick explosion.

=Slow Powders= are those which are not entirely burned when the
projectile leaves the muzzle.

=Velocity of Emission= is the ratio of the amount of a unit weight of
powder, burned in air in a small increment of time, to the time itself.

=The Sectional Density= is equal to the weight of the projectile
divided by the square of its diameter.

=Spherical Density= is the ratio of the weight of the projectile to
that of a sphere whose radius is equal to that of the right section of
the projectile.

=Similar Guns.=--Two guns are similar when all their homologous lineal
dimensions are proportional to their calibre.

=Similarly Loaded.=--When the weight of charge and projectile are
proportional to the cube of the calibre, and the grains of powder are
alike in form and composition, with dimensions proportional to the
calibre.


                         EXTERIOR BALLISTICS.

=Exterior Ballistics= treats of the motion of a projectile in air after
it has left the piece.

=Trajectory.=--The curve described by the centre of gravity of the
projectile during its passage through the air. (Figs. 102 and 103.)

=Line of Fire.=--The prolongation of the axis of the piece.

=Plane of Fire.=--The vertical plane containing the line of fire.

=Line of Sight.=--The straight line passing through the sights and the
point aimed at. (Figs. 102 and 103.)

=Plane of Sight.=--The vertical plane containing the line of sight.

=Angle of Sight.=--The angle made by the line of sight with the
horizontal. (_s_ in Fig. 102.)

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Opening the text

Handbook for Light ArtilleryDyer, A. B. (Alexander Brydie)

History

Handbook for Light Artillery

Dyer, A. B. (Alexander Brydie)

Artillery, Field and mountain

=Ignition= is the raising of the temperature of some point of a grain
of powder to 300° C.

=Inflammation= is the spread of the ignition from point to point on the
surface of the grain or mass.

=Combustion= is the burning of the grain from the ignited surface,
inward or outward, as the case may be.

=Density= is the ratio of the weight of a grain of gunpowder to that of
an equal volume of water under standard conditions. It varies from 1.68
to 1.90, rarely exceeding 1.85.

=Gravimetric Density= is the ratio of a given volume of powder to that
of an equal volume of water under standard conditions.

=Density of Loading= is the ratio of the weight of a charge of
gunpowder to the weight, under standard conditions, of the volume of
water that would fill the powder-chamber. Its value is 27.68 W/C, in
which W is the weight of the charge _in pounds_, and _C_ the volume of
the chamber _in cubic inches_.

=Initial Air-space= is the portion of the chamber in a loaded gun or
shell unoccupied by solid matter before firing.

=The Reduced Length= of any volume in the bore of a gun is the height
of a right cylinder of the same volume, but with a diameter equal to
the calibre of the gun.

=An Adiabatic Transformation= is a change that takes place in the state
of a gas within an envelope impermeable to heat, or which occurs in
such a short space of time that no heat is received or lost by it.

=Detonation= is exceedingly quick explosion.

=Slow Powders= are those which are not entirely burned when the
projectile leaves the muzzle.

=Velocity of Emission= is the ratio of the amount of a unit weight of
powder, burned in air in a small increment of time, to the time itself.

=The Sectional Density= is equal to the weight of the projectile
divided by the square of its diameter.

=Spherical Density= is the ratio of the weight of the projectile to
that of a sphere whose radius is equal to that of the right section of
the projectile.

=Similar Guns.=--Two guns are similar when all their homologous lineal
dimensions are proportional to their calibre.

=Similarly Loaded.=--When the weight of charge and projectile are
proportional to the cube of the calibre, and the grains of powder are
alike in form and composition, with dimensions proportional to the
calibre.


                         EXTERIOR BALLISTICS.

=Exterior Ballistics= treats of the motion of a projectile in air after
it has left the piece.

=Trajectory.=--The curve described by the centre of gravity of the
projectile during its passage through the air. (Figs. 102 and 103.)

=Line of Fire.=--The prolongation of the axis of the piece.

=Plane of Fire.=--The vertical plane containing the line of fire.

=Line of Sight.=--The straight line passing through the sights and the
point aimed at. (Figs. 102 and 103.)

=Plane of Sight.=--The vertical plane containing the line of sight.

=Angle of Sight.=--The angle made by the line of sight with the
horizontal. (_s_ in Fig. 102.)

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Handbook for Light Artillery

Handbook for Light Artillery

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