Handicaps of ChildhoodBruce, H. Addington (Henry Addington)
Science
Handicaps of Childhood
Bruce, H. Addington (Henry Addington)
Child development; Education
"For several weeks my boy, three and a half years old, had been visiting
the zoölogical garden every afternoon, in the company of a French maid
of exceptionally forceful character, and apparently free from the
superstitiousness of the average nurse. For a long time all went well,
until one evening the boy began to cry soon after he was left for the
night. At this unusual occurrence, I mounted the stairs and inquired the
cause of the boy's trouble.
"He said there were lions in the house and that he did not want to stay
alone, as he was afraid they would eat him. The source of the idea had
been that the lions had roared more loudly than usual on that particular
afternoon, and he had been much impressed, standing for some time quite
motionless before the cage, though terrified. I soon convinced the boy
that the lions had to remain in their cages, and could not get out; hence,
there were none in the house, so that there was no occasion to fear. Of
course, it was first necessary to give him the feeling of security gained
by embracing me; and, secondly, to begin the conversation by talking of
something else--I have forgotten what.
"In this way the state of terror was dismissed, and the feeling of
protection was induced before we returned to the subject of the lions.
Then we made rather a joke of the funny roaring of the lions before we
had finished, and he finally lay down, with the solemn purpose to go
to sleep and think, as I suggested, of the tramcars and motors passing
outside his open window. It was all very simple substitution, but it was
the prevention of what might have become a serious fear-psychosis if
injudiciously handled."[18]
It should be added that special need for training in emotional control is
indicated if a child begins to be troubled, not by night terrors, but by
another and more common childhood malady--somnambulism. The child who
talks or walks in his sleep, like the child attacked by night terrors,
is, for some reason, nervously unstrung; and, it may confidently be said,
is usually unstrung because of the presence in his mind of disquieting
ideas, conscious or subconscious. On this account, the parent should not
be satisfied with the measures ordinarily employed in dealing with both
night terrors and somnambulism--the prescribing of tonics and sedatives,
outdoor exercise, abstinence from tea and coffee, reduction in meat in
the diet, and so forth. Undeniably, these measures often result in a
complete cessation of the nocturnal symptoms. But, even if, as a result
of medication, exercise, and dieting, the disquieting ideas causing the
symptoms no longer manifest their presence by the attacks that have
alarmed the parents, these ideas still are left in the mind, perchance to
cause still more alarming symptoms later. Accordingly, the really prudent
parent, besides dieting his child, will endeavour to get at the mental
source of trouble.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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