Harper's Pictorial Library of the World War, Volume XII : $b The Great Results of the War
History
Harper's Pictorial Library of the World War, Volume XII : $b The Great Results of the War
League of Nations; Treaty of Versailles (1919 June 28); World War, 1914-1918; World War, 1914-1918 -- Economic aspects; World War, 1914-1918 -- Finance
"'In combining the percentages of increase for the respective
items, in order to determine the average increase for the
budget as a whole, food was taken as constituting 43 per cent.
of the total family expenditure, rent 18 per cent., clothing 13
per cent., fuel and light 6 per cent., and sundries 20 per
cent. Applying the Board's percentages of increase for the
respective items to this distribution of the budget, the
average increase is 52 per cent. The distribution of budget
items just given is an average based on cost of living studies
made by several United States Government bureaus and other
agencies, covering in all 12,000 families.
"The proportions of these major items of expenditure can be
varied within narrow limits, but no reasonable arrangement
would cause a wide change in the increase in the total cost of
living as given above. For instance, if, instead of this
average distribution of the budget, food be allocated as much
as 45 per cent., rent and clothing 15 per cent. each, fuel and
light 5 per cent., and sundries 20 per cent., the indicated
increase in the total cost of living, using the Board's
percentages of increase for the respective items, would be 54
per cent."
All articles of food, we are told, show a considerable increase
in price since 1914, exceptional advances being recorded in the
case of flour, lard, and cornmeal. The item of rent, says the
report, "showed such wide variation that no general average
applicable to all sections of the country could be reached,"
but the 15 per cent. estimate "is apparently ample to cover the
increase in wage-earners' rents in New York, Chicago,
Philadelphia, Boston, and St. Louis, which alone include
several millions of the country's industrial population." Of
the increase in clothing prices we read:
INCREASED COST FOR WEARING APPAREL
"Information secured from retail stores in cities well
distributed throughout the country indicates increases in
prices of the most common articles of wearing apparel, ranging
from 50.5 per cent. for women's dollar blouses up to 161 per
cent. for men's overalls. Striking increases occurred in the
prices of certain yard goods, where advances in cost over 1914
prices amounted, in a number of cases, to more than 100 per
cent.
"Men's hosiery, selling for 15 cents in 1914, cost in June,
1918, usually not less than 25 cents, and women's hosiery,
selling for 25 cents four years ago, brought 45 cents in June
of this year. Knit underwear, the report finds, had increased
nearly 100 per cent. Women's shoes of a standard grade
increased 88.5 per cent.; men's 69 per cent. Women's kid gloves
which in 1914 cost $1 averaged more than $2 in June, 1918.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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