The experimental conditions were next complicated by the introduction of abnormal positions of the eyes, head and whole body. The results of tipping the chin sharply upward or downward and keeping it so fixed during the process of location are given in the following table, which is complete for only three observers: TABLE VIII. Observer. Upward Rotation. Downward Rotation. C.E. A.D. M.V. C.E. A.D. M.V. _L_ (50) +43.98 43.98 5.62 +28.32 28.32 5.02 _K_ (50) -33.72 33.72 71.33 +19.49 19.49 55.22 _L_ (20) -39.10 45.90 33.60 -68.65 69.25 25.20 Average: - 9.61 41.20 36.85 -19.94 39.02 28.48 Normal: -64.14 67.08 33.51 The results of rotating the whole body backward through forty-five and ninety degrees are given in the following table: TABLE IX. Observer. Rotation of 45°. Rotation of 90°. C.E. A.D. M.V. C.E. A.D. M.V. _B_ (30) + 4.10 24.57 18.56 _D_ (30) +291.03 291.03 61.86 _G_ (50) +266.78 266.78 22.83 +200.16 200.16 11.00 _F_ (60) +116.45 116.45 17.14 - 36.06 36.30 6.29 _J_ (20) +174.30 174.63 30.94 Average: +170.53 174.69 30.66 The errors which appear in these tables are not consistently of the type presented in the well-known rotation of visual planes subjectively determined under conditions of abnormal relations of the head or body in space. When the head is rotated upward on its lateral horizontal axis the average location of the subjective horizon, though still depressed below the true objective, is higher than when rotation takes place in the opposite direction. When the whole body is rotated backward through 45° a positive displacement of large amount takes place in the case of all observers. When the rotation extends to 90°, the body now reclining horizontally but with the head supported in a raised position to allow of free vision, an upward displacement occurs in the case of one of the two observers, and in that of the other a displacement in the opposite direction. When change of position takes place in the head only, the mean variation is decidedly greater if the rotation be upward than if it be downward, its value in the former case being above, in the latter below that of the normal. When the whole body is rotated backward through 45° the mean variation is but slightly greater than under normal conditions; when the rotation is through 90° it is much less. A part of this reduction is probably due to training. In general, it may be said that the disturbance of the normal body relations affects the location of the subjective horizon, but the specific nature and extent of this influence is left obscure by these experiments. The ordinary movements