Harvard Psychological Studies, Volume 1: Containing Sixteen Experimental Investigations from the Harvard Psychological Laboratory.
Science
Harvard Psychological Studies, Volume 1: Containing Sixteen Experimental Investigations from the Harvard Psychological Laboratory.
Psychology, Experimental
_Hu._
D^{1-4} 6 8 3 7 9 10 4 9
D^{5-8} 7 9 0 2 9 10 2 7
D^{9-12} 7 9 4 6 8 10 1 8
Av. 20 26 7 15 26 30 7 24
_Ho._
D^{1-4} 9 9 3 3 10 9 5 7
D^{5-8} 9 8 1 6 9 9 6¹ 8¹
D^{9-12} 8 8 5 5 10 10 6¹ 7¹
Av. 26 25 9 14 29 28 17 22
¹ One day.
The results of the _D_ set strongly confirm the results of the _A_,
_B_, and _C_ sets. Table VII. shows that after from one to two days'
interval four subjects recall objects better than nouns and movements
better than verbs. One subject, _M._, shows no preference.
CONCLUSIONS.
We are now in a position to answer specifically the problem of this
investigation. The results show: (1) that those five subjects who
recall objects better than nouns (involving images) _when each occurs
alone_, also recall objects better than nouns when each is recalled by
means of an unfamiliar verbal symbol with which it has been coupled;
(2) that the same is true of verbs and movements; (3) that these facts
also receive confirmation on the negative side, viz.: the one subject
who does not recall objects and movements better than nouns and verbs
(involving images) _when they are used alone_, also does not recall
them better _when they are recalled by means of foreign symbols_ with
which they have been coupled.
MINOR QUESTIONS.
The problem proposed at the outset of the investigation having been
answered, two minor questions remain: (1) as to images, (2) indirect
associations.
1. All the subjects were good visualizers. The images became clear
usually during the first of the three presentations, _i.e._, in 1-3
secs., and persisted until the next couplet appeared. In the second
and third presentations the same images recurred, rarely a new one
appeared.
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