10. “The cover of a kettle which is bound by a chain?” The school of Shammai say, “it is reckoned as one for uncleanness, but not reckoned as one for sprinkling.” The school of Hillel say, “he sprinkled the kettle, he sprinkled the cover; he sprinkled the cover, he did not sprinkle the kettle.” All are permitted to sprinkle, except a neuter and a woman, and a child without understanding. A woman may help a man when he sprinkles, and she may hold for him the water. And he dips the hyssop and sprinkles. If she take hold of his hand even in the moment of sprinkling, it is disallowed. 11. “One dipped the hyssop by day and sprinkled by day?” “It is allowed.” “He dipped the hyssop by day and sprinkled by night, by night and sprinkled by day?” “It is disallowed.” “By day, and sprinkled on the day following?” “It is disallowed.” But he himself washed by night, and sprinkled by day, since we do not sprinkle till the sun rise; and everything done in sprinkling when the pillar of the morn ascends, is allowed. Hands Pouring Water—Vessels—Water—Who May Pour—How It Is to Be Poured—Hindrances to Cleanness—Doubting—Primary Uncleanness—Secondary Uncleanness—Derived Uncleanness—Rabban Simeon, Son of Gamaliel—Straps of Phylacteries—Rolls of the Law—Holy Scriptures—Canticles and Ecclesiastes—Foot-baths—Ammon and Moab—Discussion between Rabbis Eleazar, Ishmael, and Tarphon—Weeping of R. Eleazar—An Ammonite Proselyte—Chaldee Writing—Assyrian Writing—The Sadducees—The Books of Homer—The Pharisees—Writing the Name. Chapter I 1. A quarter-log(760) of water is poured on the hands of one person; also on the hands of two persons. Half a log on three or four. From a log for five, ten, or even 100 (persons). R. José says, “provided there be not less for the last than a quarter-log.” Men may add (water) for the second washing,(761) but they must not add it for the first. 2. They may put water for hands in all vessels, even in vessels of dung or vessels of stone or vessels of earth. But they must not pour it on hands out of the (broken) sides of vessels or the bottom of a tub or the bung of a cask. Nor may one give it to his neighbor out of the hollow of his hand: because they must not draw or consecrate, or sprinkle the water of purification, or put it on hands, except it be in a vessel. They can only preserve vessels by the covering bound(762) upon them. Nor can they preserve from uncleanness water in open earthen vessels,(763) only in (covered) vessels. 3. Water which is unfit for animals to drink, is unfit (for washing) in vessels; but on the ground it is fit. If ink, gum, or vitriol black drop into it, and its color be changed, it is unfit. If one made use of it, or soaked his bread in it, it is unfit. Simeon the Temanite said, “even if he intended to soak it in one vessel and it dropped into another, it is fit.”