Classical literature; Greece -- History -- Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C.; Greece -- History -- Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 404-362 B.C.
A signal incident in the period was the invasion of Phlius by
Iphicrates. He laid an ambuscade, and with a small body of troops
adopting a system of guerilla war, took occasion of an unguarded sally
of the citizens of Phlius to inflict such losses on them, that though
they had never previously received the Lacedaemonians within their
walls, they received them now. They had hitherto feared to do so lest
it might lead to the restoration of the banished members of
their community, who gave out that they owed their exile to their
Lacedaemonian sympathies; (14) but they were now in such abject fear
of the Corinthian party that they sent to fetch the Lacedaemonians,
and delivered the city and citadel to their safe keeping. These latter,
however, well disposed to the exiles of Phlius, did not, at the time
they held the city, so much as breathe the thought of bringing back the
exiles; on the contrary, as soon as the city seemed to have recovered
its confidence, they took their departure, leaving city and laws
precisely as they had found them on their entry.
(14) Lit. "laconism."
To return to Iphicrates and his men: they frequently extended their
incursions even into Arcadia in many directions, (15) following their
usual guerilla tactics, but also making assaults on fortified posts. The
heavy infantry of the Arcadians positively refused to face them in the
field, so profound was the terror in which they held these light troops.
In compensation, the light troops themselves entertained a wholesome
dread of the Lacedaemonians, and did not venture to approach even within
javelin-range of their heavy infantry. They had been taught a lesson
when, within that distance, some of the younger hoplites had made a dash
at them, catching and putting some of them to the sword. But however
profound the contempt of the Lacedaemonians for these light troops,
their contempt for their own allies was deeper. (On one occasion (16) a
reinforcement of Mantineans had sallied from the walls between Corinth
and Lechaeum to engage the peltasts, and had no sooner come under attack
than they swerved, losing some of their men as they made good their
retreat. The Lacedaemonians were unkind enough to poke fun at these
unfortunates. "Our allies," they said, "stand in as much awe of these
peltasts as children of the bogies and hobgoblins of their nurses." For
themselves, starting from Lechaeum, they found no difficulty in marching
right round the city of Corinth with a single Lacedaemonian division and
the Corinthian exiles.) (17)
(15) See Thuc. ii. 4.
(16) See Grote, ix. 472 note. Lechaeum was not taken by the
Lacedaemonians until the Corinthian long walls had been rebuilt by
the Athenians. Possibly the incidents in this section (S. 17)
occurred after the capture of Lechaeum. The historian introduces
them parenthetically, as it were, in illustration of his main
topic--the success of the peltasts.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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