In order to encourage the registration of letters containing coin or valuable articles, the registration fee was reduced, in 1862, from 6_d._ to 4_d._ each letter. At the same time, the plan of compulsory registration of letters was revived, and applied to all letters passing through the _London Office_ which contained, or were supposed to contain, coin. Last year the plan was found to have been so successful in its results, that it was extended to _all inland letters_. The public may judge of the benefits and blessings of this proscriptive measure--to the officers of the Post-Office at any rate--when we state that the convictions for letter-stealing, since the plan was fully adopted, have been reduced more than ninety per cent. In 1862, the Pneumatic Conveyance Company set up a branch of their operations at the Euston Square Station, London. The Post-Office took advantage of this new mode of conveyance to send the mail-bags to the North-Western District Office from this important railway terminus. The work is, of course, accomplished with marvellous expedition. The machinery for other localities is in course of construction, and may ultimately extend all over the metropolis, to the supercession, as far as the Post-Office is concerned, of the existing mail-vans. During the month of May, 1863, a Postal Congress--the first of the kind--originated, we believe, by Mr. Rasson of the United States, assembled at the _Bureau des Postes_, in the Rue Jean Jacques, Paris, under the presidency of the French Postmaster-General, M. Vandal. The object of the Congress was "the improvement of postal communication between the principal commercial nations of the world." As we find that the little republic of Ecuador was represented, the postal affairs of _little_ kingdoms were also not overlooked. Each civilized nation was asked to send a delegate, and all the most important States responded. Mr. Frederic Hill, brother of Sir Rowland Hill, and Assistant Secretary, was the English representative; the President represented France; M. Metzler, Prussia; Mr. Rasson, the United States; M. Hencke, Hamburg, &c. &c. The prepayment of foreign letters was one of the most difficult subjects discussed. The Congress came to the conclusion that it would be best to leave it optional with the writer of the letter whether the postage should be paid to its destination, or paid on receipt; in the latter case, however, it was thought desirable that a moderate additional postage should be charged. Another important matter was settled in a conclusive manner. It was first decided that the postage of foreign letters should be regulated by weight: it then became highly necessary, in order to the carrying out of this decision, that the postage should be calculated by a common standard; hence the following resolution, which was agreed to--"The metrical decimal system, being of all systems of weighing that which is best suited to the requirements of