On September 13, 1916, enemy aircraft bombarded Venice, Pordenone (thirty-five miles north-east of Venice), Latisana, Marano, Cervignano, and Aquileia on the marshland between Venice and the Isonzo. The Italians replied with a raid on Trieste and Parenzo, in which French aviators took part. With the departure of heavy Capronis for Trieste, squadrons of seaplanes set out from sea-bases for Parenzo. Five French machines joined forces with eleven Italian seaplanes. Shortly after 5.30 p.m. the first of them were over Parenzo, dropping explosive and incendiary bombs on the enemy’s defence batteries and seaplanes station. Only one enemy ‘plane succeeded in getting off the water, and was immediately forced to come down by the attacks of the French aeroplanes and to take refuge among a squadron of Austrian torpedo-catchers, which continued to hug the coast. In spite of the lively fire of Austrian army gunners, all the allied aeroplanes returned to their bases. For a long time on their return journey could be seen the useful effects of the bombing carried out by the Italian and French pilots in broad daylight, the hangars and batteries being shrouded in the smoke from the fires. Scrupulous care was taken not to do damage to the unredeemed city. The Caproni squadron arrived over Trieste about 4 p.m., and, supported by other squadrons of light machines, began from some 9,000 feet the bombardment of the arsenal, the technical dockyard offices, the timber yards, and the depots housing the rolling-stock and kerosene supply, this latter at St. Sabba. Photographs and the dense columns of smoke showed with what results! On the thirteenth of the same month an Italian aeroplane squadron fought a hotly contested battle, in the course of which two enemy ‘planes were brought down. On the seventeenth of the same month, Italian aviators scored further victories. On the same day an Italian squadron dropped bombs on the works and sheds of the narrow-gauge railway in Comignano (Komen on the Carso, ten miles south-east of Gorizia). Effective results were observed. It was also on this day that another squadron of Caproni battle-planes, escorted by Nieuport chasers, dropped bombs on the stations at Dottogliano (about eight miles north of Trieste), and Scopo (about two miles farther north), on the Carso, hitting the railway establishments, the adjoining stores, and the water tanks and trains standing in the stations. All the Italian aeroplanes returned safely, although chased by the enemy and fired on by anti-aircraft batteries.