Highways of Canadian LiteratureLogan, J. D. (John Daniel)
History
Highways of Canadian Literature
Logan, J. D. (John Daniel)
Canadian literature -- History and criticism
In that passage, besides realistic impressionism or color-writing, we
find first rate _style_ in composition—artistic sentential structure
and rhythmical periods, along with pure and dignified diction. In all
Haliburton’s works we can find passages which show his firm grip on the
technique of prose style, and a special power of vivifying his
description and color-impressionism with psychological suggestion that
enhances the effect on the sensibilities and imagination. In all
literature the allurement of sylvan summer in Nova Scotia or Canada is
not more winningly or colorfully presented than in Haliburton’s
impressionistic idyll ‘A Day on the Lake’ (_Nature and Human Nature_).
In psychological suggestion the acme has been attained by Haliburton in
his descriptive sketches, ‘A Hot Day’ (_Wise Saws_) and ‘Inky Dell’
(_The Old Judge_).
Whoever charges that Haliburton lacks style errs either by irrelevancy
or by making the wrong accusation. It is not style that Haliburton
lacks; for he has two styles, each of which is right in the right
place—a conversational style for conveying unpopular practical ideas in
a popular way, and an aesthetic style for conveying ideas which are
delightful in themselves as beautiful pictures of Social Life and of
Nature. What Haliburton really lacked was architectonic skill—the power
of designing artistic structural unity and plot. This is best
illustrated by his character-delineation. His major characters have not
character-unity but characteristics or character-promiscuity. Sam Slick,
for instance, is never _one_ character as Micawber or Swiveller in
Dickens’ gallery is one character, unmistakably and always. Sam Slick is
a ‘mass of contradictions.’ Neither is the Rev. Joshua Hopewell a
unity—speaking and acting, that is, consistently with one character.
Yet they have a unity. How do they get it? It is not a moral but the
_functional_ unity of _Spokesmen_ of Haliburton’s ideas. The reason that
Slick and Hopewell have so much promiscuity of character is that
Haliburton, as he pleased and without any regard to consistency, made
Slick and Hopewell and any other of his major _dramatis personae_ the
Spokesmen of his various thoughts or ideas. He ‘picked on’ Slick for the
mouthpiece of this idea, and Hopewell for the mouthpiece of another
idea, without ever asking if the speech he put into the mouth of Slick
was consistent with Slick’s mental and moral character, or if the speech
he put into the mouth of Hopewell was consistent with Hopewell’s
intellectual and moral character. The result is that Slick, as we read
Haliburton, has ideas, makes speeches, and relates experiences that are
impossible in one of his culture and knowledge; and so with Hopewell and
others. In short, Haliburton’s major characters are _puppets_,
_marionettes_. Back of them is the Showman, Haliburton; and the speeches
we hear are not theirs but ‘their master’s voice.’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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