[Footnote 242: The Commentator describes a boundary as a strip or border (a party-ridge) of land, used in common. The breaking therefore must mean some material alteration of this border. Overstepping, the Commentator describes to be cultivating beyond the boundary.] [Footnote 243: or house or garden, &c. (_M._)] [Footnote 244: _scil._ reddendo singula singulis, the lowest fine for breaking, the highest for overstepping, the medium for wrongful appropriation. Manu, ch. 8, sl. 264; ch. 9, sl. 291.] [Footnote 245: or similar constructions, as a tank, &c. (_M._)] [Footnote 246: _semble_, the landowner. The Commentator throws no light on this ambiguity.] [Footnote 247: or any other crop. (_M._)] [Footnote 248: a _másha_ is the twentieth part of a copper _paṇa_. (_M._) Supra pa. 7.] [Footnote 249: Manu, ch. 8, sl. 241.] [Footnote 250: no penalty therefore or liability. (_M._)] [Footnote 251: being an open field. (_M._)] [Footnote 252: Manu, ch. 8, sl. 237, 8, 9.] [Footnote 253: let loose to propitiate the gods. (_M._)] [Footnote 254: wanderers from a distant herd. (_M._)] [Footnote 255: _scil._ other animals, as elephants, horses, &c. (_M._)] [Footnote 256: Manu, ch. 8, sl. 242.] [Footnote 257: _i. e._ counting them. (_M._)] [Footnote 258: Manu, ch. 8, sl. 232.] [Footnote 259: for oblations to the gods. (_M._) Manu does not expressly restrict this privilege to the twice-born; ch. 8, sl. 339.] [Footnote 260: This term (literally 'a bow') is a land measure, equivalent to the modern oottah or four hâts.] [Footnote 261: These three are in progressive increase: the first is, a mere village; the second, the central or sudder station of several villages; the third, a town of more extended population and importance. Manu, ch. 8, sl. 237.] [Footnote 262: or which has been given away, or pledged, by a stranger without right. (_M._) Manu, ch. 8, sl. 199.] [Footnote 263: _scil._ one destitute of property. (_M._) The expression in the text is applicable to any whose position or lack of means might justify a suspicion that he had not come honestly by the goods.] [Footnote 264: the man who sold or assigned it to him. (_M._)] [Footnote 265: or stolen, or given in pledge. (_M._)] [Footnote 266: Supra, sl. 27.] [Footnote 267: Inasmuch as he abets concealment of the thief or wrongdoer. (_M._)] [Footnote 268: Manu, ch. 8, sl. 30. The Commentator accounts for the discrepancy between the two law-givers by supposing Manu to have alluded to the property of learned bráhmaṇs only.] [Footnote 269: This fine is considered by the Commentator a consideration or indemnity for safe keeping, and an exception to the rule laid down by Manu, ch. 8, sec. 33.] [Footnote 270: Colebrooke's rendering of this sloka (Digest ch. 4, sec. 1, §16,) differs from ours, which however we consider to be the correct signification of the text before us.] [Footnote 271: Manu, ch. 8, sl. 222.] [Footnote 272: The Commentator explains this to refer to slaves.]