This fort mounts eighty-six large guns, kept in excellent order. It
contains a large magazine, a house for the commandant, barracks to
contain three hundred soldiers, with all convenient offices, and
casemates. It was projected to mount one hundred and sixteen guns; but
it is not yet compleated. The walls and bastions are built upon piles
of the palmeto or thatch-pole tree, which is endued with the property
of lasting in water without being liable to erosion by the worm. These
were driven down through the loose land, until they reached a firm
bed. If the same precaution had been used in constructing the houses
of Port Royal, it is probable that the greater part of the town would
have survived the earthquake. This fort contains an hospital, besides
habitations for the officers, and is looked upon to be an healthy
garrison. The neck of sand which joins it to the main is not above
fifty or sixty feet wide in most places, and so low, that an enemy
could not carry on approaches, on account of the water rising near the
surface; and it is flanked by a lagoon, or inlet of water from the
harbour, of some extent; for these reasons, and because the ships, in
passing up the channel towards Kingston, must come within point-blank
shot of a whole line of guns, a governor of this island pronounced it
impregnable both by land and sea.
During a storm in 1744 a new fort begun at Mosquito Point was entirely
destroyed.
The present fort was erected on Mosquito Point in Kingston Harbour in
1753. On September 13, 1782, the magazine, with three hundred barrels of
powder, blew up. Amongst the military tombs is that to Major John Sankey
Darley, 2nd W.I.R., who was killed in a mutiny of the West India
Regiment there in May 1808. Recruits of the 2nd West India Regiment,
Chamba and Koromantyn negroes, mutinied on parade, aided by some of the
older men. The Lieutenant and Adjutant Ellis was killed on the spot, and
Darley died of the wounds he received. The general officer commanding,
Carmichael, got into conflict with the House of Assembly by directing
his officers not to answer any questions that that body might put to
them with reference to the occurrence. Darley was brother to Alderman
Darley of Dublin, of Orange notoriety. Carmichael died in 1813 while
governor of British Guiana.
=Rodney’s Look-out= on the Heathshire Hills was shaken down by the
earthquake of 1907. It was erected by Rodney while he was admiral on the
Jamaica station, (1771–74), for the purpose of keeping a look-out to
windward. =Port Henderson= hard by, is named after a former owner, John
Henderson, colonel of militia, who was presented at Court in February
1784. He died at his estate in Scotland in 1811. It was founded in
opposition to Passage Fort, as it afforded better accommodation for
ships.
Towards the close of the nineteenth century it was the site of a
temporary laboratory of marine zoology for students of the Johns Hopkins
University.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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