[Illustration: Fig. 174.—The Royal Palace of Dur-Sarginu (Sargon’s Palace); restored by Chipiez. (M.)] [Illustration: Fig. 175.—A Bedroom in the Harem at Dur-Sarginu (Sargon’s Palace). (M.)] The use of the column in Chaldea is proved by the bas-reliefs before it developed itself in Assyria; but in either country it was not an important feature in the architecture, being mostly used for awnings supporting light tents or tabernacles; sometimes, indeed, used in a disengaged way, as proved by the views of small temples on the bas-reliefs (Figs. 176, 177, 178). The use of the column was not in accord with the principles of their architecture, and was only to be found in small porches, or in an engaged way against outer walls and piers (Fig. 179). The only capital found in a fragment, and restored by Place, is shown at Fig. 181, and two bases (Figs. 180 and 182). From these remains it is assumed that the shaft was smooth and cylindrical. [Illustration: Fig. 176.—Temple on the bank of a river, Khorsabad, from Batta. (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 177.—Capital of Temple at Fig. 176. (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 178.—Capital. (P. & C.)] An incipient form of the Ionic volute is seen at Fig. 177 in the capital of the small columns to the little temple (Fig. 176). The kings of Assyria had in their palaces a great deal of luxurious furniture. The couches, chairs, and tables were made of wood, with bronze fittings, and decorated with ivory, gold, and lapis lazuli. The bas-relief in the British Museum representing Assurbanipal and his queen at a banquet (Figs. 183 and 184) will give a good idea of the extreme richness in design and decoration of these sumptuous articles of furniture (Fig. 185). Bronze sockets (Fig. 186) and all kinds of fragments in metal and ivory fittings, and decorations corresponding to the designs on the bas-reliefs, all indicate that the anathemas of the prophet Nahum (Nahum ii. 9) gave a good picture of Nineveh’s richness in the sumptuary arts. “Take ye the spoil of silver,” he exclaims, “take the spoil of gold; for there is none end of the store and glory out of all the pleasant furniture.” [Illustration: Fig. 179.—Fragment of an Assyrian Building from a bas-relief, B.M. (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 180.—Ornamented Base of Limestone. (P. & C.)] Animals have been represented with such faithfulness, especially in their most vigorous and ferocious aspects, by the sculptors of Assyria, that in any notice of Assyrian art they must have a place. Lions especially were rendered in all their ferociousness, and were the favourite game for kingly sport (Figs. 187, 188, 189). Lions were kept in cages, and let out when the monarch decided to have a day’s hunting (Fig. 187). Dogs were specially trained for lion-hunting (Fig. 190). [Illustration: Fig. 181.—Assyrian Capital compiled from Place. (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 182.—Winged Sphinx carrying Base of Capital. Layard. (P. & C.)]