[Footnote 5: This song is among the few, which Russian critics think as ancient as the sixteenth century. See Karamzin's _History of Russia_, Vol. X, p. 264.] [Footnote 6: Bowring'a translation.] [Footnote 7: The piece to which we allude was in the possession of the Cardinal Albani, at Rome; but has since been carried to England. A fine copy in plaster is in the Museum at Paris; from which numerous drawings have been taken, now scattered all over Europe.] [Footnote 8: _Kunst und Alterthum_, Vol. II. p. 49.] [Footnote 9 _Narodne Srpske Pjesme skup. i izd. Vuk_ etc. Leipz. 1824. Vol. I. p. 55. _Volkslieder der Serben, von Talvj_, Halle 1825. Vol. I. p. 46.] [Footnote 10: Pronounced _Yelitza_.] [Footnote 11: The whole of this tale is translated in Bowring's little volume of "Servian Popular Poetry."] [Footnote 12: The Greek ballad is entitled "The Journey by Night," and begins thus: Manna, me tous ennea sou uious, kai me tên mia sou korê. 'O mother, thou, with thy nine sons, and with thine only daughter.' A Russian ballad also begins very similarly: "At Kief, in that famous town, Resided a rich widow; Nine sons the widow of Kief had, The tenth was a daughter dear." The story however is essentially different.] [Footnote 13: See above p. 306, n. 2.] [Footnote 14: This remarkable fact is mentioned by all Russian historians, on the good authority of the ancient annalist Nestor.] [Footnote 15: "The Tshuvashes have a Penate, which they call Erich. This Erich is nothing but a bundle of broom, _cytisus_, tied together in the middle with the inner bark of the linden. It consists of fifteen branches of equal size, about four feet long; above is a piece of tin attached to it. Each house has such an Erich, which usually stands in a corner of the entry. Nobody ventures to touch it. When it becomes dry, a new Erich is tied together, and the old one placed in running water with great reverence." See _Stimmen des Russ. Volks_, von P.v. Goetze, Stuttg. 1828, page 17.--The Tshuvashes, however, are not a Slavic, but a Finnish race, living under the Russian dominion.] [Footnote 16: Dobrovsky's _Slavin_, 1834, p. 113.] [Footnote 17: _Werke_, _Ausgabe letzter Hand_, Vol. XLVI. p. 332.] [Footnote 18: In those four of our Russian specimens marked P, the translation is by J.G. Percival.] [Footnote 19: Page 323.] [Footnote 20: See above, p. 64.] [Footnote 21: We say, 'to judge from the language.' But their coincidence with Bohemian ballads of the thirteenth century, and various other indications (e.g. their frequent mention of the Danube), seem to vindicate, for their groundwork at least, a very high antiquity.] [Footnote 22: _Stimmen des Russischen Volkes_, von P.v. Goetze, Stuttg. 1848.] [Footnote 23: Slavery in Russia is comparatively of modern date.]