[Footnote 47: There are a few honourable exceptions. The work _Essais philosophiques sur l'homme, publiés par De Jakob_, Halle 1818, although written in French, was the production of a Russian, the late writer Poletika, brother of the former Russian ambassador of that name in this country.] [Footnote 48: According to official reports, more than seven millions of volumes of Russian books were printed in the ten years from 1833 to 1843; and four and a half millions of foreign books were imported. During the same ten years 784 new schools were established. In 1842, there were in the Russian empire 2166 schools of all kinds; among them _six_ universities.] [Footnote 49: F. Otto, _History of Russian Literature, with a Lexicon of Russian Authors. Translated from the German by the late G. Cox_. Oxford 1839.] [Footnote 50: See above, p. 51.] [Footnote 51: This was Ludolf's _Grammatica Russica et manuductio ad linguam Slavonicam_, Oxon. 1696.--ENGLISH Russian Grammars are, _Novaya ross. Gram. dlja Anglitshani_, 'Russian Grammar for Englishmen,' St. Petersburg, 1822. Heard's _Practical Grammar of the Russian Language_, St. Pet. 1827. 2 vols. 8vo.--GERMAN Russian Grammars are: Heym's _Russ. Sprachlehre für Deutsche_, Riga, 1789, 1794, 1804. Vater's _Prakt. Gramm. der russ. Sprache_, Leipz. 1808, 1814. Tappe's _Neue russ. Sprachlehre für Deutsche_, St. Pet. 1810, 1814, 1820. Schmidt's _Prakt. russ. Grammattk_, Leipz. 1813. Puchmayer's _Lehrgebäude der russ. Sprache_, last edit. Prague 1843. Gretsch, _Grundregeln der russ. Sprache_, from the Russian by Oldekop, 1828. The newest German-Russian Grammars are: J.E. Schmidt's _Russische Sprachlehre, und Leitfaden zur Erlernung, etc._ Leipz. 1831. _Noakovski Grammatica Rossiiskaya_, Lipsk. 1836. A Malo-Russian Grammar, _Mala-Ross. Grammatica_, was published by Pawlofski, St. Pet. 1818.--FRENCH Russian Grammars are: Maudru's _Elémens raisonnés de la langue Russe_, Paris 1802. Langan's _Manual de la langue Russe_, St. Pet. 1825. Charpentier's _Elémens de la langue Russe_, St. Pet. 1768 to 1805, five editions. Gretsch, _Grammaîre raisonnée de la langue Russe_, par Reiff, St. Pet. 1828.