_J. A. Froude, History of England, chapter 4._ "The claim [by the pope] to the first-fruits of bishoprics and other promotions was apparently first made in England by Alexander IV. in 1256, for five years; it was renewed by Clement V. in 1306, to last for two years; and it was in a measure successful. By John XXII. it was claimed throughout Christendom for three years, and met with universal resistance. ... Stoutly contested as it was in the Council of Constance, and frequently made the subject of debate in parliament and council the demand must have been regularly complied with." _William Stubbs, Constitutional History of England, chapter 19, section 718._ See, also, QUEEN ANNE'S BOUNTY. ANNE, Queen of England, A. D. 1702-1714. ANNE OF AUSTRIA, Queen-regent of France. See FRANCE: A. D. 1642-1643, to 1651-1653. ANNE BOLEYN, Marriage, trial and execution of. See ENGLAND: A. D. 1527-1534, and 1536-1543. ANSAR, The. See MAHOMETAN CONQUEST: A. D. 609-632. ANSIBARII, The. See FRANKS: ORIGIN, &c. ANSPACH, Creation of the Margravate. See GERMANY: 13TH CENTURY. Separation from the Electorate of Brandenburg. See BRANDENBUHG: A. D. 1417-1640. ANTALCIDAS, Peace of (B. C. 387). See GREECE: B. C. 399-387. ANTES, The. See SLAVONIC PEOPLES. ANTESIGNANI, The. "In each cohort [of the Roman legion, in Cæsar's time] a certain number of the best men, probably about one-fourth of the whole detachment, was assigned as a guard to the standard, from whence they derived their name of Antesignani." _C. Menvale, History of the Romans, chapter 15._ ANTHEMIUS, Roman Emperor:(Western), A. D. 467-472. ANTHESTERIA, The. See DIONYSIA AT ATHENS. ANTI-CORN-LAW LEAGUE. See TARIFF LEGISLATION (ENGLAND): A. D. 1836-1839, and 1845-1846. ANTI-FEDERALISTS. See UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: A. D. 1789-1792. ANTI-MASONIC PARTY, American. See NEW YORK: A. D. 1826-1832. ANTI-MASONIC PARTY, Mexican. See MEXICO: A. D. 1822-1828. ANTI-RENTERS.--ANTI-RENT WAR. See LIVINGSTON MANOR. ANTI-SLAVERY MOVEMENTS. See SLAVERY, NEGRO. ANTIETAM, OR SHARPSBURG, Battle of. See UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: A. D. 1862 (SEPTEMBER: MARYLAND). ANTIGONEA. See MANTINEA: B. C. 222. ANTIGONID KINGS, The. See GREECE: B. C. 307-197. ANTIGONUS, and the wars of the Diadochi. See MACEDONIA: B. C. 323-316; 315-310; 310-301. ANTIGONUS GONATUS, The wars of. See MACEDONIA: B. C. 277-244. ANTILLES.--ANTILIA.