_C. Thirlwall, History of Greece, chapter 50._ ALSO IN: _Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander, book 2, chapters 15-24._ TYRE: B. C. 332-A. D. 638. Under Greek and Roman domination. "The Carians, with whom Alexander repeopled the city [of Tyre] fell into the habits of the former population, and both Tyre and Sidon recovered much of their commercial greatness. After a long struggle be·tween the kingdoms of Egypt and Syria, Phœnicia was finally secured to the latter by Antiochus the Great (B. C. 198). But the commercial rivalry of Egypt proved more serious even than political subjection; and the foundation of Berenice on the Red Sea diverted to Alexander much of the oriental commerce that had previously flowed through Tyre and Sidon. But still they did not succumb to their younger rival. Under the Romans, to whom Phœicia was subjected with Syria [by Pompeius the Great, B. C. 64], Tyre was still the first commercial city of the world." _P. Smith, History of the World: Ancient, chapter 24._ TYRE: A. D. 638. Capture by the Moslems. After the taking of Jerusalem by the Caliph Omar, the Moslems made themselves masters of the remainder of Palestine very quickly. Tripoli was first won by treachery, and then the same traitor who had delivered it, making his way to Tyre, succeeded in bringing about the betrayal of that place. Many of the inhabitants were put to the sword; but many others are said to have saved their lives by accepting the religion of the victors. The fall of Tyre was followed by the flight from Cæsarea of Constantine, son of the Emperor Heraclius, who commanded in Syria, and the entire abandonment of that rich province to the Moslems. _S. Ockley, History of the Saracens, pages 251-253 (Bohn ed.)._ TYRE: A. D. 1124. Siege and Conquest by the Venetians and Crusaders.