History for ready reference, Volume 6 : $b Recent history - 1894-5 to 1901 A-ZLarned, J. N. (Josephus Nelson)
History
History for ready reference, Volume 6 : $b Recent history - 1894-5 to 1901 A-Z
Larned, J. N. (Josephus Nelson)
History -- Dictionaries
In an earlier communication to "The Times" (September 15), Mr.
Evans had explained more distinctly the importance of the clay
tablets found at Knossos, as throwing light on the origin of
the alphabet: "In my excavation of the pre-historic Palace at
Knossos," he wrote, "I came upon a series of deposits of clay
tablets, representing the Royal archives, the inscriptions on
which belong to two distinct systems of writing—one
hieroglyphic and quasi-pictorial; the other for the most part
linear and much more highly developed. Of these the
hieroglyphic class especially presents a series of forms
answering to what, according to the names of the Phoenician
letters, we must suppose to have been the original pictorial
designs from which these, too, were derived. A series of
conjectural reconstructions of the originals of the Phoenician
letters on this line were in fact drawn out by my father, Sir
John Evans, for a lecture on the origin of the alphabet given
at the Royal Institution in 1872, and it may be said that
two-thirds of these resemble almost line for line actual forms
of Cretan hieroglyphics. The oxhead (Aleph), the house (Beth),
the window (He), the peg (Vau), the fence (Cheth), the hand
(Yod) seen sideways, and the open palm (Kaph), the fish (Nun),
the post or trunk (Samekh), the eye (Ain), the mouth, (Pe),
the teeth (Shin), the cross-sign (Tau), not to speak of
several other probable examples, are all literally reproduced.
"The analogy thus supplied is indeed overwhelming. It is
impossible to believe that, while on one side of the East
Mediterranean basin these alphabetic prototypes were naturally
evolving themselves, the people of the opposite shore were
arriving at the same result by a complicated process of
selection and transformation of a series of hieratic Egyptian
signs derived from quite different objects. The analogy with
the Cretan hieroglyphic forms certainly weighs strongly in
favour of the simple and natural explanation of the origin of
the Phoenician letters which was held from the time of
Gesenius onwards, and was only disturbed by the extremely
ingenious, though over-elaborate, theory of De Rougé."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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