Carmenon, Sebastin, explorations of, 67 Carne seco, 101 Carquinez, Strait of, 14 Carreta, 116, 118, 213 Carrillo, in convention, 177 Castillo, Domingo, map of, 12 Castro, General, 139, 140, 142 Cattle raising, 108, 113 Celery, 256 Central Pacific Railroad, 197-201 Chagres, Panama, 163 Chamisso, Albert von, 182 Chapman, 125, 126 Cherries, 262 China, war with Japan, 223 Chinese, in California, 202, 203 Chinese, work on railroad, 198 Chinigchinich, 25, 33-36, 45, 47 Chippa, 43-45 Cholos, 138 Cigaritos, 109 Citron, 246, 256 Civil War, 180, 189-194 Clay, Henry, 178 Cleeta, 19-29, 45-47 Climate, 13-18 Club wheat, 242 Cody, Mr., 186 Coloma, mill near, 150 Columbia, and Panama Canal, 222 Colony days, 211-214 Colton, Rev. Walter, 173, 174 Colton, quoted, 203 Comandante, 136 Comstock mine, 271 Concepcion de Arguello, 130, 131 Conquest of California, 139-146 Constitution of 1849, 178 Constitution of 1879, 203 Constitutional Convention of 1849, 177 Cooper, Ellwood, 262 Copper mining, 276 Corn, 244 Coronel, Don Ignacio, school of, 280 Cortez, Hernando, 12, 53, 74 Cotopacnic, 46 Counties, 290, 291 Cradle, used in mining, 158 Crespi, Juan, 75, 100 Crocker, Charles, 197-199 Cuatrito, 117 Cuchuma, 22, 26, 32, 35, 45 Cushiony scale, 250 Day, Sherman, 284 Debris, 268 Del Valle, Reginaldo, 288 Dewey, Commodore, in Spanish war, 217 Dios, 110 Dolores mission, 88 Donner party, 167 Dragontea, 57 Drake, Sir Francis, 57-66, 12, 73 Drakes Bay, 63 Dress of early Californians, 115, 116 Dried fruits, 260 Drift mining, 269 Dulce, 258. Earthquake (1906), 225-228 El Camino Real, 95 El Refugio, 125 Empire mine, 274 England, explorations, 59-66 Escuela, 279 Explorations, 48-73, 81-83 Farallones, 81 Farmer’s Institute, 285 Ferrelo, 56, 57, 85 Festivals, 126 Fiesta, 126 Figs, 260 Flores, General, 146 Flour trade, 243 Forests, 229-236 Forty-niners, 156, 172 Fremont, Captain, 139-143, 146 Fremont, dispute with Kearny, 148, 149 Fremont, elected senator, 178 Fremont, explorations, 139, 107, 195 Fremont, on land question, 182 French, visit California, 129 Frijoles, 98 Fruit, 246-263 Fruit, canned, 257, 260 Fruit, crystallized, 261 Fruit, dried, 260 Fruit, preserved, 258 Fugitive Slave Law, 190 Galli, Francisco, 66 Galvez, Jose de, 75-78, 84, 87 Gems, 276 Gente de razon, 124 Gentiles, 80 Gesnip, 19-33, 38-47 Gicamas, 70 Gigantea, 234 Gillespie, 140, 143, 146 Gold, discovered, 147, 151, 155 Gold, early mining, 154-160 Gold, modern mines, 267-271, 274 Golden Hind, ship, 66 Governors, list of, 292 Graham, 133, 134 Grain, 238-245 Grape fruit, 252 Grapes, 254, 258-260 Guam, 225 Gwin, in convention, 177 Gwin, senator, 178, 189, 190, 281