History of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, Vol. 1 (of 2)Dunham, S. A. (Samuel Astley)
History
History of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, Vol. 1 (of 2)
Dunham, S. A. (Samuel Astley)
Scandinavia -- History
The crimes and misfortunes of this dynasty must, to every reader,
contrast strangely with its pretended divine origin. Compared to it, the
fate of our Stuarts was a happy one. If we except the companions of
Odin, the ends of most were tragical. Fiolner was drowned in a butt of
mead; Swegdir, whatever the manner of his death, did not leave this
world in a natural way; Vanland perished, not by the hands of witches,
but those of conspirators; Visbur was burnt to death by his own sons;
Domald was sacrificed on Odin’s altar by his subjects; Dag was killed by
a slave; Agne was hung by his bride; Alaric and Eric were killed by each
other’s hands, or by conspirators; Alf and Yngve certainly slew each
other; Hugleik was slain by Hako or Sterkodder; Eric died in battle;
Jorund was ignominiously hung; Egil was gored to death by a wild bull;
Ottar was killed by the Danes; Adils by the fall of his horse; Eystein
perished by the hands of pirates; Ingvar by those of the Esthonians;
Braut-Onund by an avalanche; Ingiald Illrada was forced to destroy
himself; and Olaf Trætelia was driven into everlasting exile. Thus, out
of twenty-two sovereigns, from Fiolner to Olaf, three only died a
natural death; for that of Olaf, as we shall soon perceive, was also
tragical. Assuredly there was nothing in the pre-eminence, divine as it
was, of the Ynglings, to render it an object of envy, either to their
own times or to posterity.[135]
The fortunes of Olaf Trætelia and of his successors may be found in the
chapter devoted to the early Norwegian history. Henceforth Sweden, or to
speak more precisely, the Swedes, are under the sceptre of the
Skioldungs, and not of the Ynglings, though the former, like the latter,
were of Odin’s race, being descended from Skiold, whose seat was
established at Ledra in Zealand. They did not exercise the sacerdotal
functions; they were not pontiff kings; consequently, they were not held
in the same veneration as those who were privileged to officiate at
Odin’s altar.—Before we proceed with this Swedish branch of the
Skioldungian dynasty, we must revert to the Gothic dynasty established
in another part of Sweden. At every step we take in the history of this
obscure period, we are more fully convinced that the hypothesis we have
framed is based on truth; viz., that while the Swiones or Swedes were
located in the provinces bordering on Upsal, and were governed by their
own kings, the Goths were in the more southern and western provinces,
with a dynasty of their own. Where was the seat of this latter dynasty?
Probably it was not always stationary. It appears to have been sometimes
in West, sometimes in East, Gothland; just as those provinces obeyed one
or two kings. Scania too, which, politically, was a province of Denmark,
yet geographically a portion of Sweden, was inhabited by Goths, the seat
of whose government was Lund. As the kings of Scania, or of East and
West Gothia, obtained the preponderance, they were called kings of the
Goths.
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