The authorities for the present chapter are,—1. Edda Sæmundar hins Froda; Edda Rythmica seu Antiquior vulgo Sæmundina dicta: pars i. 1787, pars ii. 1818, pars iii. 1828. Havniæ.—2. Edda Snorronis à Rask. Coben. 1818.—3. Mallet, Introduction à l’Histoire de Dannemarc, tom. i. and ii.—4. Percy, Notes to the Northern Antiquities.—5. Wheaton, History of the Northmen.—6. Pigott, Manual of Scandinavian Mythology.—7. Foreign Quarterly Review, Nos. 3 and 7.—8. Notes of Stephanius to his edition of Saxo Grammaticus. Footnote 16: Europe during the Middle Ages, vol. ii., appendix. Footnote 17: See Vol. I. p. 51. Footnote 18: Mr. Wheaton. Footnote 19: See before, page 31. Footnote 20: See before, page 14. Footnote 21: See before, page 34. Footnote 22: Geijr, Svea Bikes Häfder, tom. i. p. 339. Footnote 23: See Vol. I. p. 91–99. Footnote 24: See before, page 35. Footnote 25: Pigott’s translation, p. 95. Footnote 26: See Vol. I. p. 54. Footnote 27: See Vol. I. p. 46. Footnote 28: Thorlacius Noget om Thor og hans Hammer, in the Skandinavisk Museum for 1803. Footnote 29: Thorlacius ut supra, says the thundering Thor was regarded as particularly inimical to the Skovtrolds, against whom he continually employed his mighty weapon. He thinks the _Bidental_ of the Romans, and the rites connected with it, seem to suppose a similar superstition, and that in the well-known passage of Horace, Tu parum castis inimica mittes Fulmina lucis, the words _parum castis lucis_ may mean groves or parts of woods, the haunt of unclean spirits or Skovtrolds, _satyri lascivi et salaces_. Footnote 30: The analogy of Deev, and other words of like import, might lead to the supposition of Spirit being the primary meaning of Alf. Footnote 31: It is probably derived from an obsolete verb νύβω, the Latin _nubo_ signifying to _veil_ or cover; hence _nubes_, clouds. In Homer (II. iii. 130.), Iris says to Helen, _Δεῦρ’ ἵθι, νύμφα φίλη_. The preceding and following notes are also from Mr. Keightley. Footnote 32: Keightley’s Fairy Mythology, vol. i. Footnote 33: Keightley’s Fairy Mythology, vol. i. Footnote 34: Keightley, vol. i. Footnote 35: See Vol. I. p. 32. Footnote 36: Keightley, vol. i. Footnote 37: See Vol. I. p. 49. Footnote 38: Foreign Quarterly Review, No. 3. Footnote 39: See Vol. I. p. 48. Footnote 40: See Vol. I. p. 31. Footnote 41: See Vol. I. p. 35. Footnote 42: Cæsar, de Bello Gallico, lib. i. Footnote 43: See before, p. 78. Footnote 44: See Vol. I. p. 229. Footnote 45: See Vol. I. p. 176. Footnote 46: See Vol. I. p. 180. Footnote 47: See Vol. I. p. 181. Footnote 48: Schefferi Historia Lapponica, cap. ix. Footnote 49: See Vol. I. p. 30–42. Footnote 50: Heimskringla, tom. i. Footnote 51: