History Of Egypt, Chaldæa, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 1 (of 12)Maspero, G. (Gaston)
History
History Of Egypt, Chaldæa, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 1 (of 12)
Maspero, G. (Gaston)
Civilization, Ancient; Egypt -- History -- To 640 A.D.; History, Ancient; Middle East -- History
A triad containing two goddesses produced no legitimate offspring, and
was unsatisfactory to a people who regarded the lack of progeny as a
curse from heaven; one in which the presence of a son promised to
ensure the perpetuity of the race was more in keeping with the idea of a
blessed and prosperous family, as that of gods should be. Triads of
the former kind were therefore almost everywhere broken up into two new
triads, each containing a divine father, a divine mother, and a divine
son. Two fruitful households arose from the barren union of Thot
with Safkhitabui and Nahmauit: one composed of Thot, Safkhitabui, and
Harnubi, the golden sparrow-hawk;[***] into the other Nahmauit and her
nursling Nofirhoru entered.
*** This somewhat rare triad, noted by Wilkinson, is
sculptured on the wall of a chamber in the Turah quarries.
[Illustration: 143.jpg NOFIRTUMU. 3]
3 Drawn by Faucher-Gudin, from a bronze statuette incrusted
with gold, in the Gizeh Museum.
The persons united with the old feudal divinities in order to form
triads were not all of the same class. Goddesses, especially, were made
to order, and might often be described as grammatical, so obvious is the
linguistic device to which they owe their being. From Ra, Amon, Horus,
Sobku, female Ras, Anions, Horuses, and Sobkus were derived, by the
addition of the regular feminine affix to the primitive masculine
names--Rait, Amonit, Horit, Sobkit.[*] In the same way, detached
cognomens of divine fathers were embodied in divine sons. Imhotpu, "he
who comes in peace," was merely one of the epithets of Phtah before he
became incarnate as the third member of the Memphite triad.[**] In other
cases, alliances were contracted between divinities of ancient stock,
but natives of different nomes, as in the case of Isis of Buto and the
Mendesian Osiris; of Haroeris of Edfu and Hathor of Denderah.
* Maspero, _Etudes de Mythologie et d'Archeologie
Egyptiennes_, vol. ii. pp. 7, 8, 256.
** Imhotpu, the Imouthes of the Greeks, and by them
identified with AEsculapius, was discovered by Salt, and his
name was first translated as _he who comes with offering_.
The translation, _he who comes in peace_, proposed by E. de
Rouge, is now universally adopted. Imhotpu did not take form
until the time of the New Empire; his great popularity at
Memphis and throughout Egypt dates from the Saite and Greek
periods.
In the same manner Sokhit of Letopolis and Bastit of Bubastis were
appropriated as wives to Phtah of Memphis, Nofirtumu being represented
as his son by both unions.[*] These improvised connections were
generally determined by considerations of vicinity; the gods of
conterminous principalities were married as the children of kings of two
adjoining kingdoms are married, to form or to consolidate relations,
and to establish bonds of kinship between rival powers whose unremitting
hostility would mean the swift ruin of entire peoples.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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